Anatomy Quiz 1 - Body systems, Methods of study, vocab

Gross Anatomy

Study of large body structures, can see with the naked eye

Microscopic anatomy

Study of small structures, not visual w naked eye

Developmental anatomy

Studying changed over time

Surface anatomy

The study of external features, a type of gross anatomy

Systemic anatomy

Study by body system, a type of gross anatomy, the method used in this class

Regional anatomy

Study by body region, a type of gross anatomy, used in medical school

Cytology

study of cells, type of microscopic anatomy, CYTO=CELL

Histology

Study of tissues, type of microscopic anatomy, HISTO=TISSUE

Embryology

study of prenatal development, type of developmental anatomy

Comparative anatomy

Compares different organisms

3 main studying tools for anatomy

1. observation

2. manipulation/hands on work

3. mastery of anatomical terms/vocab

integumentary system

covers your body, protects, regulations temperature. Main organs: skin

Skeletal system

Supports and protects organs/body. Main organs: Bones (206)

Muscular system

Controls movement. Main organs: Muscles (skeletal, cardiac, smooth)

Nervous system

Replays impulses to the body, main control center. Main organs: Brain and spinal cord

Endocrine system

Regulates the body by secreting hormones. Main organ: glands

Cardiovascular system

Transports blood and oxygen. Main organs: Heart and blood vessels

Respiratory system

Handles gas exchange. main organs: lungs

Lymphatic/Immune system

protects body and fights pathogens (bacteria), work hand in hand w/ each other. Main organs: lymph vessels and many organs

Digestive system

Breaks down food and excretes solid waste. Main organs: mouth, stomach, intestines

Urinary system

Removes liquid waste and nitrogen containing wastes. Maintain water balance in the body. Main organs: Kidney and bladder

Reproductive system

Produces offspring. Main organs: ovaries and testes

Anatomy

What it is, the structure. Ex: That’s the heart

Physiology

What it does, the function. Ex. The heart pumps blood and oxygen to the body.

What is the order of structural levels of organization from smallest to largest?

Atom→molecule→macromolecule→organite→cell→tissue→organ→organ system→organism

What keeps us alive?

homeostasis

bucco-

cheek
buccolabial: pertaining to the cheek and lip

chondr-

cartilage
chondrogenic: giving rise to cartilage

crani-

skull
craniotomy: a skull opporation

-dia

through, between
diaphragm: the wall between or through 2 areas.

-epi

over, above
epidermis: outer layer of skin

extra-

outside, beyond
extracellular: outside the body cells of an organism

morpho-

form
morphology: the study of form and structure of organisms

nephro-

kidney
nephritis: inflammation of the kidney

neuro-

nerve
neurophysiology: the physiology of the nervous system

sub-

beneath, under
sublingual: beneath the tongue

-emia

condition of the blood
anemia: deficiency of red blood cells

-logy

the study of
pathology: the study of changes in structure and function brought on by disease.