Emergency Care: Bleeding and Shock

These flashcards cover key concepts from the lecture on bleeding and shock, including the circulatory system, types and treatment of shock, and bleeding control methods.

What are the main components of the circulatory system?

Heart, blood vessels, blood.

What is hypovolemia?

A condition where blood is lost (absolute hypovolemia) or plasma is removed (relative hypovolemia), leading to low blood volume.

What is the definition of shock?

Inadequate tissue perfusion that can lead to cell and organ death.

Name the four causes of shock.

Volume problems, pump problems, blood vessel tone problems, obstruction of blood flow.

What is cardiogenic shock?

Shock caused by the heart's failure to pump blood due to a mechanical problem.

Define distributive shock.

Shock resulting from all blood vessels dilating at the same time, preventing the filling of the circulatory system.

What are the symptoms of hypoperfusion?

Pale skin, rapid heart rate, cool skin, nausea, and decreased urine production.

What is the deadly triad of trauma?

Acidosis, hypothermia, coagulopathy.

What are the methods used to control external bleeding?

Direct pressure, hemostatic agents, wound packing, and tourniquet use.

Describe the characteristics of arterial bleeding.

Bright red color, spurting with heartbeat, and oxygen-rich.

What signs indicate internal bleeding?

Bruising, swelling, abdominal rigidity, and signs of shock.

What should the patient position be during shock treatment?

Supine position.

What initial actions should be taken for a patient experiencing shock?

Maintain airway, prevent hypoxia, control bleeding, keep patient warm.

How can you identify external bleeding?

It occurs outside the body and is typically visible on the surface.

Why is it important to address signs of shock early?

Early recognition and treatment can be lifesaving.