blood cells quiz

source of blood cells?

Red bone marrow

Main stem cell is

Hemocytoblasts

Hemocytoblasts differentiate into

myeloid stem cells or lympboid stem cells

Erythrocytes

Is a red blood cell

no nucleus, filled with hemoglobin(transporrs oxygen and other molecules

Hematocrit:

percentage ofblood volume that consists ofRBCs

reticulocyte

(immature RBC) that is released to blood (Make up 1% -2% of circulating RBC

Hypoxia

low blood oxygen which causes production of rbc

erythropoietin

a hormone produced by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.

Anemia

Low rbc count in blood

aplastic anemia

from damages bone marrow, radiation, drugs are visruses

maybe need bone marrow transplant

pernicious anemia

From low vitamin b12

bad absortion in stomacj

b12 is for dna production

maybe need an injectin

iron defiency

caused by blood loss or low iron intake

may need iron suppliment

Hemalyitc anemia

When rbc die to fast

can be caused by malaria or didney dialisis

may need to have eppo injections

Polycythemia

this is when you make too make rbc

maybe be due to smoking or cancer

to treat: stop smoking, blood letting or radiophosphorus

leukocytes

White blood cells

Diapedesis

Cells get skinny and squeeze through capillary wall

Ameboid motion

They can migrate through the tissues.

Positive chemotaxis:

they can follow chemical trails released by damaged tissue and other WBC's

granulocyes?

Neutrofils

eosinophils

basophils

Neutrophils (granulocyte?)

the most common phagocyte

nucleus has 3 - 6 lobes

respond the most actively to bacteria

produce defensins

live about one to two days after they enter the tissue

Eosinophils(granulocyte?)

i) contain a bilobed nucleus that looks like a headset

(ii)attack parasitic worms with a variety of digestive enzymes

(iii)play a role in allergic reactions and asthma

(iv)circulate for less than a day,
(iv)circulate for less than a day,

Basophils (granulocyte?)

secrete heparin (prevents blood clotting), histamine and serotonin to initiate an inflammatory response

reates the inflammation seen with allergies and asthma.

A S or U shaped nucleas
initiate an inflammatory response

)Monocytes
Monocytes

(i) are the largest phagocyte found in circulation.

(ii)have a kidney shaped nucleus

(iii)circulate for about 2 days before they leave circulation and enter tissue to become macrophages or dendritic cells

Macrophages

phagocytes in search of debris

pick up foreign objects - recognizes with toll like receptors

resents it in a epitote form

secretes interleukin 1 and inflammatory chemicals

What does interleukin 1 do?

starts a fever

Dendritic cells?

very similar to macrophages but can present to more cells likew TCD8 cells

)Natural killer cells

(i)differentiate from lymphoid stem cells
(i)differentiate from lymphoid stem cells

(ii)Kill cells that have antibodies attached to them and "self' cells if the cells fail to have appropriate MHC I (self) receptors on their surface

(some microbe infected cells and cancer cells)