5 - Systems software"

List 5 main functions of an OS (5) FUUMP

1- User interface 2- Memory management and multitasking 3- Perpheral management 4- User management 5- File management

What is a User Interface? (1)

The method of interaction with computer hardware

List two types of user interface (2)

- Command-Line Interface (CLI) - Graphical User Interface (GUI)

What are some features of a GUI?

- WIMP - Windows, Icons, menus, and pointers.

What is a command-line interface?

- Text commands entered into the computer

What is memory management? (1)

Allocating enough memory for programs

What is multitasking? (2)

Many (multiple) tasks/instructions that can be executed on a single computer simultaneously. The OS has to divide CPU time between open applications - switching rapidly between them.

Purpose of utility software? (2)

Performs extra functionality beyond the core features of an operating system. They are used for housekeeping and to help keep the system secure.

List 3 types of utility software (3)AB... CDE

- Encryption - Defragmentation - Compression

What is the purpose of encryption software? (1)

To encrypt files and keep sensitive data protected

What does defragmentation software do? (1)

Essentially re-orders the file fragments into their organized sequences

How does defragmentation improve performance? (2)

- By increasing read/write speeds to the hard disk - - After re-arranging file fragments.

What is the function of compression software? (1)

- Reduces file size to free up space on storage device

What is a peripheral? (1)

Any piece of hardware that is not within the motherboard - that prevents malware being installed and important files being changed or deleted.

How does the OS manage peripherals? (1)

Using drivers

What is the function of a driver? (1)

- Basically translates instructions between the OS and peripheral/hardware

State the purpose(s) of user management

- Allows multiple users to log into a computer -- While saving their settings and preferences - Allows admins to set specific access levels -- And maintain security

How does an operating system manage files? (5)

- By allowing users to: -- Create, edit and delete files -- Sort files based on certain properties -- Search for files on a drive -- Restore deleted files -- Manage access rights to files

Give an advantage and disadvantage of a GUI?

- Adv - Ease of use/access for general public, more intuitive/easy to learn - POWERFUL - Disadv - Uses more RAM, can be slow.

Give an advantage and disadvantage of a Command-line interface?

Adv - requires less RAM/hard disk space, requires little processing - saves need for expensive graphics card - For those with the base knowledge of usable commands, far faster than a GUI Disadv - Otherwise not user-friendly (many don't have base knowledge).

Description of use for Encryption software:

Scramble/ encode/ mix up data so it cannot be read/ understood if intercepted/ stolen

Describe the use of Defragmentation software:

Move free space together Moves files together e.g. faster access to files

Describe the use of (data) compression:

Reduce the file size of files To use less storage space Faster transmission To store more files

Describe the use of anti-virus/ anti-malware:

To help protect computer/ data against viruses/ malware To scan the computer to look for/ quarantine/ remove viruses/ malware

Describe the use of Firewalls:

Examine ingoing and outgoing traffic To help restrict/ prevent unauthorised access over a network/ external source.

What is the difference between the system software and the operating system? (2)

A system software sits between the hardware and the applications software The operating system manages the hardware in a computer and provides an environment for applications to run.