IB Biology Command Terms

define

give the precise meaning of a word, phrase, or physical quantity

draw

represent by means of pencil lines

label

add labels to a diagram

list

give a sequence of names or other brief answers with no explanation

measure

find a value for a quantity

state

give a specific name, value, or other brief answer without an explanation or calculation

annotate

add brief notes to a diagram or graph

calculate

find a numerical answer, showing the relevant stages of working

describe

give a detailed account

distinguish

give the differences between two or more different items

estimate

find an approximate value for an unknown quantity

identify

find an answer from a given number of possibilities

outline

give a brief account or summary

analyze

interpret data to reach conclusions

compare

give an account of similarities between two or more items, referring to both/all of them throughout

compare and contrast

give an acount of similarities and differences between two or more items, referring to both/all of them throughout

construct

represent or develop in graphical form

deduce

reach a conclusion from the information given

determine

find the only possible answer

discuss

give an account including, where possible, a range of arguments for and against the relative importance of various factors, or comparisons of alternate hypothesises

evaluate

assess the implications and limitations

explain

give a detailed account of causes, reasons, or mechanisms

predict

give an expected result

justify

give valid reasons or evidence to support an answer or conclusion

sketch

represent by means of a graph showing a line and labeled but unscaled axes - with important features (ex. intercept) clearly indicated

suggest

propose a hypothesis or other possible answer

comment

give a judgement based on a given statemnt or result of a calculation

design

produce a plan, simulation, or model