Comp Sci Final

Certificate Authorities

Organizations that issue digital forms to verify who owns the keys used for communications

Malware

Software designed to harm or take partial control over a computer

Virus

Type of malware that spreads and infects other computers

Firewall

Security systems that controls the kinds of connections that can be made between a computer or network and the outside world

Phishing

Very common attack where the victim is tricked into giving up personal information

Bandwidth

Maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time

Cloud

Storing it somewhere on the internet but unknown location

Path

Connecting computer devices with a sender and receiver

Routing

The process of finding a path from sender to receiver

Protocol

Set of rules that specify the behavior of a system

IP Address

Unique number assigned to each device on a computer network

Packet

a small segment of a larger message

Internet

Computer network that uses open protocols to standardize communication

Computer Network

interconnected system that is capable of sending or receiving data

Computing System

Group of devices and programs working together for a common purpose

Computing Device

Device that is in the computing system

WWW

A system of linked pages, programs, and files that uses that internet

ISP

Companies who sell internet access to homes and institutions

Router

A computer that passes information from one network to another

Crowdsourcing

General term for using the internet to get a lot of people to help solve a problem

Citizen Science

public involvement in the gathering, analyzing, or sorting of scientific data for research purposes

Computing Innovation

innovation that includes a computer or program code as an integral part of its functionality

Bit

Single unit of data that can only have one of two values

Byte

8 bits

Floating Point

scientific notation but with powers of 2

Width

Number of bits that a CPU processes at a time

Word

Sequence of bits

Sampling

Measuring values, called samples, of an analog signal at regular intervals

Sampling Rate

 the number of samples taken per second

Binary Sequence

String of 1s and 0s