Science 9 - space +physics

What are the two planet groups in our solar system?

Terrestrial, jovian

What is an asteriod

Chunck of rock/metal, orbits sun, found in asteriod belt

What is a Meteor

the streak of light when an asteriod travels through the atmosphere

What is a comet?

Dirty ice ball, orbits sun, keiper belt

What is the geocentric veiw of the solar system vs the heliocentric veiw

Geocentric (aristotle) - The earth is the center of the solar system

Heliocentric (copernicus) - The sun is the cneter of the solar system

What are the differences between a reflecting ans refracting telescope? Pros vs cons?

Reflecting: Uses mirrors to direct light to eypeice. Pro: Low mass. Con: low resolving power

Refracting: Light coverges from objective lens to eyepeice. Pro: high resolving power. Con: high mass, size is limited.

How do you increase resolving power?

By increasing the diameter of the objective lens.

What is the formula for Magnification?

Magnification = focal length (objective lens) over focal length (eyepeice lens)

How does a spectroscope work?

It splits up a celestial bodies wavelengths. The spectrums show emission and absorption. This tells us the exact chemical composition of the celestial bodie due to how it reacts to difference gases.

What causes the emission spectrum vs the abosrption spectrum?

Absorption: cold gas

Emission: hot gas

how do you compare the chemical composition of two celestial bodies using the specroscopes spectrum?

If the lines match up, they contain the same chemical.

How can we use interferometry to to see space better

By connecting two telescopes to a computer. We can simulate the distance between the two telescopes images. This gives a higher resolution.

How does wavelength relate to frequency?

Higher/longer wavelength = lower frequency

what are the wave tyoes of the electromagnetic spectrum?

Radio, Microwaves, Infared, Visible spectrum, UV, X-rays, Gamma

what are radio telescopes and how do they work?

They detect radio waves from celestial bodies. They can detect rays through atmospheric gases. Signals are reflected to a detector.

What the the parallax effect?

The apparent shift in position of an object based on the location of the observer. (Observations should be taken 6 months apart)

What is the formula for speed, distance, and time.?

Speed = Distance/time

Time = distance/speed

distance = speed x time

What is the doppler affect?

The shift in frequency due to the motion of the source.(higher if closer, lower is far away)

If a star is moving away/towards from us, The spectrum that we receive (with wavelengths (Absorption or emissioin)), will be red or blue shifted. This tells us if teh star is moving away to towards us.

How many kilometers is 1 AU (astronomical unit)

150 000 000 km (distance from earth to sun)

What is the relationship between the turtle constillation and the cree people?

Theturtle has 13 parts of its shell, which relates to the 13 months in the cree calender

What is Retrograde motion?

The observation that from earth, the planets seem to move back and forth. (they are orbiting the sun).

How many AU is in a light year?

approx: 63 000 AU. (the distance light travels in 1 year)