Agricultural Extension

Years and Important people

1840s

The term "University Extension" was first used in Britain.

1850s (England)

Oxford and Cambridge began discussing how universities could serve the rapidly growing industrial and urban population.

1867

First practical attempt at University Extension:

• Intended for people not enrolled in universities.

1871

James Stuart became known as the "Father of University Extension."

1872

University of Cambridge adopted the University Extension system.

1876

University of London adopted the University Extension system.

1878

University of Oxford adopted the University Extension system.

1880s

The University Extension System became well established and developed into the Extension Movement.

1841

The Royal Agricultural Improvement Society (RAIS) was founded in Britain.

1845

Potato blight caused by Phytophthora infestans devastated Ireland.

1847

The Earl of Clarendon urged the RAIS to send lecturers to help Irish farmers improve farming practices.

1890s (Europe)

Universities incorporated agricultural subjects into their lectures

1862

Morrill Act of 1862 signed by President Abraham Lincoln:

• Created Land-Grant Colleges and Universities

• Established demonstration centers/experimental stations

1890

Second Morrill Act extended the Land-Grant concept to other areas of the United States.

1914

Smith–Lever Act established the Cooperative Extension Service.

James Stuart

Known as the Father of University Extension

Earl of Clarendon

British Viceroy to Ireland who urged the Royal Agricultural Improvement Society (RAIS) to send lecturers to educate distressed Irish farmers.

President Abraham Lincoln

Signed the Morrill Act of 1862, creating Land-Grant Colleges and Universities in the United States.

Royal Agricultural Improvement Society (RAIS)

Founded in 1841 in Britain to promote agricultural improvement.

Cooperative Extension Service

Established through the Smith–Lever Act of 1914; a partnership among the federal government, state government, local governments, and state colleges/universities (SUCs).

April 30, 1902

Bureau of Agriculture was established under the Department of Interior.

July 1910

The Demonstration and Extension Division (DED) was created under the Bureau of Agriculture.

July 1919

The Demonstration and Extension Division (DED) expanded its work to include:

• Farmers' cooperatives

• Rural credit

• Marketing

• Animal insurance

1923

• Demonstration and Extension Division was renamed Agricultural Extension Services.

1929

The Bureau of Agriculture was divided into:

• Bureau of Plant Industry (BPI)

• Bureau of Animal Industry (BAI)

1932

The Agricultural Extension Division was renamed the Agricultural Division.

1936

Commonwealth Act No. 85

1942–1945

During the Japanese Occupation, agricultural extension and home economics programs suffered major setbacks.

1947

The Home Extension Unit (BPI) was merged with the Agricultural Extension Unit of the Bureau of Agriculture.

1950

The Philippine Government requested the United States to send an economic survey mission (Bell Survey Mission).

July 16, 1952

Republic Act No. 680

1963

BAEx became the Agriculture Productivity Commission (APC) under Republic Act No. 3844 (Land Reform Code).

1967

Republic Act No. 188

1969

National Food and Agricultural Council (NFAC) was created through Executive Order No. 183.

1972

Presidential Decree No. 1 and Presidential Letter of Implementation No. 9

July 1, 1973

BAEx was transferred back to the Department of Agriculture (DA).

1977

A World Bank Mission evaluated the Philippine Agricultural Extension Service.

• Result: Adoption of the Training and Visit (T&V) Syst

March 27, 1979

The National Extension Project (NEP) became operational through a World Bank loan of US$35 million.

Maria Y. Orosa

• Founded the Home Extension Service.

• Started home extension work focusing on Food Preservation.

Manuel L. Quezon

Became President of the Commonwealth of the Philippines in 1938.

Bell Survey Mission

U.S. economic survey mission requested by the Philippine Government in 1950.

1978

Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1579 and Letter of Instructions (LOI) No. 595

1978

Executive Order (EO) No. 967

1982

Executive Order (EO) No. 803

1982

Republic Act (RA) No. 5185 – Decentralization Act

1987

Executive Order (EO) No. 116

1991

Republic Act (RA) No. 7160 – Local Government Code

1997

Republic Act (RA) No. 8435 – Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA)

Agricultural Training Institute (ATI)

Agricultural Training Institute (ATI)

Ministry of Agriculture and Food (MAF)

Created through EO No. 967 (1978) after renaming the Ministry of Agriculture.

Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR)

Transferred from the Ministry of Natural Resources to the Ministry of Agriculture and Food (MAF) through EO No. 967 (1978).

Local Government Units (LGUs)

Under RA No. 7160 (1991), LGUs assumed the management and supervision of agricultural extension services.