AICE Marine Science AS Chapter#1 Water – Study Guide

Flashcards based on Chapter 1 of AICE Marine Science focusing on water properties, bonding, solubility, and effects on marine life.

What does the kinetic particle theory state about matter?

Matter is a collection of particles that are in constant, random motion.

What are the three states in which water exists?

Solid, liquid, and gas.

What is the atomic number of an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus of that element.

What type of bond forms when atoms share a pair of electrons?

Covalent bond.

What are the properties of water that are impacted by hydrogen bonds?

1. Universal solvent 2. Specific heat capacity 3. Different density.

What happens to the solubility of salts as the temperature of seawater rises?

The rate of dissolution of salts increases.

What is the pH of neutral solutions?

pH is 7.

What is an ion?

An atom that has gained or lost an electron from its outer shell, resulting in an electrical charge.

What effect does evaporation have on seawater salinity?

Evaporation leaves the salts behind, increasing salinity.

What is mixed in water layers from surface to about 200m?

Winds create currents and turbulence that allow mixing.

How does temperature affect the density of seawater?

As temperature increases, density decreases.

What is a pycnocline?

An area of water where the density changes quickly with depth.

What causes the oxygen minimum layer in the ocean?

Lack of photosynthesis and ongoing respiration and decomposition.

What is the chemical formula for sodium chloride?

NaCl.

What does salinity measure?

The concentration of dissolved salts in seawater, measured in parts per thousand (ppt).