Cell Structures (14)

Secretory Vesicle

A membrane pouch that transports proteins and hormones from the Golgi apparatus to the cell membrane to be released outside.

Nucleus

A double-membrane organelle that stores the cell's DNA and controls cellular activities like growth, metabolism, and protein synthesis.

Nuclear Membrane

A double-layered barrier that surrounds the nucleus, protecting its DNA and controlling what enters or exits through tiny nuclear pores.

Nucleolus

A dense region inside the nucleus that produces ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and assembles the subunits needed to build ribosomes.

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)

A network of folded membranes studded with ribosomes that folds, modifies, and transports proteins produced by those ribosomes.

Ribosome

A tiny organelle made of RNA and protein that reads mRNA sequences to synthesize proteins for the cell.

Golgi Body

A stack of flattened membrane sacs that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids into vesicles for transport inside or outside the cell.

Cell Membrane

A flexible barrier made of a phospholipid bilayer that encloses the cell, regulating what enters and exits to maintain internal balance.

Microfilament

A thin thread of actin protein that gives the cell structural support, helps maintain its shape, and enables cell movement.

Flagellum

A long, whip-like appendage that projects from the cell surface and rotates or lashes to propel the cell forward.

Microvilli

Tiny, finger-like projections on the cell surface that increase surface area to maximize the absorption of nutrients and materials.

Mitochondria / Mitochondrion

Responsible for converting nutrients and oxygen into cellular energy (ATP) to power cell processes.

Lysosome

A membrane-bound organelle containing digestive enzymes that breaks down cellular waste, debris, and foreign invaders.

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

A network of tubular membranes without ribosomes that synthesizes lipids, metabolizes carbohydrates, and detoxifies harmful substances in the cell.