5.Straight Flight

What is S&L defined as?

Constant Speed, Altitude, Heading

What is Equilibrium

L=W, T=D

What does Power refer too?

Rate of doing work (Thrust x TAS)

What does Thrust refer too?

The force of the propellor (Drag x TAS)

What speed is used for Best Range/Endurance (IAS/TAS/GS)

TAS

Define Range

Greates DISTANCE that can be flown from available fuel

What ratio gives us Max range

When TAS/fuel flow ratio is greatest

What speed gives us best range?

Glide speed → best L/D ratio

Where is max range speed on the thrust required curve?

At the minimum thrust reuired point

Where is max range speed on the power required curve?

Found by drawing a tangent line to curve

Define Endurance

Greatest TIME that can be flown from available fuel

When do we get Max endurance?

Occurs at TAS for minimum power

Where is max endurance on the power required curve?

Minimum power required

When is Max Range & Endurance found in relation to altitude

For Max Range: Fly where TAS is greatest for least power. For Max Endurance: Fly as low as possible for min power

When is power available reduced

At higher Altitudes

When is max range flown for turbocharged aircraft?

Full Throttle Height

How does weight effect range & endurance

Range: More weight = less range. Endurance: More weight = less endurance

How does Wind Effect Range & Endurance

Range: HW → decreases GS & Range, TW → Increases GS & Range. Endurance: No effect

How do you fly best range in a headwind → relating to drag speed

Flying faster than the minimmum drag speed

What is the normal Region & Region of reverse command?

Normal: Where speed fluctuations self-correct. Revers: Speed fluctuations require pilot command.

Where is the normal and reverse region found?

Found on the power curve. Speerated by the minimum power point

What allows the aircraft to climb

Max Excess thrust

What is the AoC?

Angle of horizontal plane & flight path

What is ment by Best angle of climb

Greates gain in altitude for horizontal distance travelled

What is ment by Best rate of climb?

Greatest altitude gained over time

Define Max thrust available

Max thrust the propeller can produce to overcome drag

Define Thrust Required

Amohnt of thrust needed top overcome drag at any speed

Define Excess thrust

Anything between Thrust required & Max thrust available

How does airspeed effect Max thrust

As airspeed increases max thrust decreases

Define Max Excess Thrust

Greatest distance between, Max thrust available & Thrust required

What’s the most important force in a climb

Thrust

Define Service Ceiling

The altitude after the plane can climb no higher than 100ft/min

Define Absolute Ceiling

Altitude after the plane can no longer climb

What extra force is added in a climb to create equillibrium?

Rearward component of weight & Excess thrust

When is VX achieved?

Where Greatest excess thrust is available

When is VY achieved

Where Greatest excess power is available

What do flaps do too excess thrust & power

They both decrease due to the increase in drag

What do flaps do to AoC & RoC

Reduces it both

What does Weight do to AoC & RoC

Weight increase → both decrease

What does extra weight do to thrust?

Requires more excess thrust

How does wind affect AoC & RoC

AoC In HW → Increased, AoC in TW → Decreased, zero effect on RoC

How does speed affect AoC & Roc

Variation in speed from: Vx decreases AoC, Vy decreases RoC

How does Air density affect AoC & Roc

Air density Decrease → Both Decrease

What affects air density?

Temperature altitude & humidity

Define AoD

Angle between flight path & horizontal plane

Define RoD

Rate at which airplane descends over time at ft/min

How much thrust is produces during a glide

Zero

What allows the aircraft to be in equilibrium in a descent

Forward component of weight

What does glide ratio relate too

Horizontal distance covered without power vs height loss

What does a higher L/D ratio do to glide ratio

Better glide ratio

What balances drag out in a descent

FCW & Thrust

What do flaps do to AoD & RoD

Both Increase

What does weight do to AoD & RoD

More weight → AoD remains, RoD increases, Less Weight → Both remains

Whats the difference in a heavier & Lighter aircraft descending

Heavier plane reaches ground first, but both cover the same horizontal distance

What does wind do to AoD & RoD

HW → AoD Increased, TW → AoD decreased, RoD remains

When would wind affect the RoD

Only through windshear, TW→ Decrease, HW → Increase

What does power do to AoD & RoD

Increase → AoD/RoD decrease, Decrease → AoD/Rod Increase