A&P final- eye and vision

sclera

structure and protection of the eye

cornea

provides protection of the eye

choroid

supplies blood and nutrients to the retina

ciliary muscle

controls the shape of the lens for focusing light onto the retina

iris

regulates the size of the pupil and controls how much light enters the eye

circular muscle

in the iris that constricts the pupil to reduce light entry

radial muscle

in the iris that dilates the pupil to increase light entry

lens

focuses light onto the retina

suspensory ligaments

holds the lens in place and adjust its shape for focusing

retina

detects light and converts it into neural signals for vision

rods

photoreceptors that are highly sensitive to light and enable vision in low-light conditions

cones

photoreceptors responsible for color vision and visual acuity under bright light conditions.

macula lutea

a small area of the retina that contains a high concentration of cones and is responsible for sharp central vision

fovea centralis

the central point of the macula lutea, providing the highest visual acuity due to its dense concentration of cones

optic disc

blind spot in the visual field.

optic nerve

the nerve that transmits visual information from the retina to the brain

anterior cavity

the fluid-filled space in the eye located between the cornea and the lens, containing aqueous humor that helps maintain intraocular pressure and provides nutrients to the eye

anterior chamber

the front part of the anterior cavity, situated between the cornea and the iris, filled with aqueous humor

posterior chamber

the space behind the iris and in front of the lens, also filled with aqueous humor, and contributes to intraocular pressure

posterior cavity

the large space within the eye behind the lens, filled with vitreous humor, which helps maintain eye structure and supports the retina

pupil

the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye, adjusting in size to control the amount of light reaching the retina

superior rectus

oculomotor nerve; III

inferior rectus

oculomotor nerve; III

medial rectus

oculomotor nerve; III

lateral rectus

abducens nerve; VI

superior oblique

trochlear nerve; IV

inferior oblique

oculomotor nerve; III