American History Ch5-10 Vocab

Imperialism

The actions used by one nation to exercise political or economic control over a smaller or weaker nation.

Protectorate

A country that is technically independent but is actually under the control of another country.

Expansion

The act or process of increasing or enlarging the extent, number, volume, or scope.

Conference

A meeting of two or more persons for discussing matters of common concern.

Yellow Journalism

A type of sensational, biased, and often false reporting for the sake of attracting readers.

Autonomy

The quality of a state being self-governing.

Jingoism

Extreme nationalism marked by aggressive foreign policy.

Intervene

to get involved in the affairs of another.

Volunteer

A person who joins the military by choice-

Sphere of Influence

A section of a country where a foreign nation enjoys special rights and powers.

Open-door Policy

A policy that allowed each foreign nation in China to trade freely in the other nations' spheres of influence.

Dollar Diplomacy

A policy of joining the business interests of a country with its diplomatic interests abroad.

Guerilla

A member of an armed band that carries out surprise attacks and sabotage rather than open warfare.

Access

Freedom or ability to obtain or make use of.

Tension

Friction or opposition between groups

Muckracker

A journalist who uncovers abuses and corruptions in society.

Direct Primary

A vote held by all members of a political party to decide their candidate for public office.

Initiative

The right of citizens to place a measure or issue before the voters or the legislature for approval.

Legislation

A proposed law to be voted on by a governing body.

Referendum

The practice of letting voters accept or reject measures proposed by the legislature.

Recall

The right that enables voters to remove unsatisfactory elected officials from office.

Suffrage

The right to vote.

Lobbying

The act of contacting a political leader to explain a concern in order to convince them to vote for a cause.

Advocate

To propose a certain position or view point.

Prohibition

Laws banning alcoholic beverages.

Social Darwinism

A philosophy based on Charles Darwin's theories of evolution and natural selection, evolution.

Arbitration

Settling a dispute by agreeing to accept the decision of an impartial outsider.

Regulate

To govern or direct according to rule.

Environmental

Relating to the environment.

Insubordination

Disobedience to authority.

Academic

A person associated with higher learning at a scholarly institution.

Direct Tax

A tax imposed directly on a person or their property.

Indirect Tax

A tax that someone pays, but the tax is a burden on someone else.

Income Tax

A tax based on the net income of a person or business.

Unfair Trade Practices

Trading practices that drive a gain at the expense of competition.

Unconstitutional

Not in accordance with or authorized by the constitution of a state or country.

Militarism

A policy of aggressive military preparedness.

Nationalism

Loyalty and devotion to a nation.

Propaganda

The spreading of ideas about an institution or individual for the purpose of influencing opinion.

Contraband

Goods whose importation, exportation, or possession is legal.

Emphasis

A special importance given to an object or area.

Erode

To wear away at something until it fades.

Victory Gardens

Garden planted by citizens during war to raise vegetables for home use, leaving more for the troops.

Espionage

Spying, especially to gain government secrets

Migrate

To move from one location to another.

Draft

To select a person at random for mandatory military service.

Convoy

A group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it.

Armistice

A temporary agreement to end fighting.

National Self-determination

The free choice by the people of a nation of their own future political status.

Reparations

The payment by the losing country in a war to the winner for the damages caused by the war.

Network

An intercommed system.

Adequately

Sufficiently; completed to its minimum requirements.

Resolve

Come to an agreement.

Cost of Living

The cost of purchasing goods and services essential for survival.

General Strike

A strike involving all the workers in a particular geographical location.

Deport

To expel an individual from the country.

Widespread

Widely diffused or prevalent.

Authorities

Those who have control over determining and enforcing what is right or wrong.

Supply-Side Economics

An economic theory that lower tax rates will boost the economy as businesses and individuals invest their money, thereby creating higher tax revenue.

Cooperative Individualism

President Hoover's policy of encouraging manufacturers and distributers to form their own organized and volunteer information to the federal government in an effort to stimulate the economy.

Isolationism

A national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs.

Revelation

An act of revealing to view or making known.

Mass Production

The production of large quantities of goods using machinery and often on the assembly line.

Assembly Line

A production system with machines and workers arranged so that each person performs an assigned task again and again as the item passes before him or her..

Model T

Automobile built by Ford Motor Company from 1908 until 1927.

Disposable

Referring to the money remaining to an individual after deduction of taxes.

Nativism

Hostility toward immigrants by native born people.

Anarchist

A person who believes there should be no government.

Creationism

The belief that God created the world and everything in it, usually in the way described in the Bible.

Speakeasy

A place where alcoholic beverages are sold illegally.

Source

The point at which something is provided.

Evolution

The scientific theory that humans and other forms of life have evolved overtime.

Deny

To refuse something, not accept.

Bohemian

Unconventional; not bound by the rules of society.

Mass Media

A medium of communication (such as television and radio) intended to reach a wide audience.

Unify

To bring together with similar goals or ideas.

Diverse

Being different from one another.

Jazz

American style of music that developed from ragtime and blues and that uses syncopated rhythms and improvisation.

Blues

Style of music evolving from African American spirituous and noted for its melancholy sound.

Symbolize

To represent, express, or identify by a symbol.

Impact

A lasting impression upon an individual or group.

Ongoing

Being in process; continuing.

Stock Market

A system for buying and selling stocks in corporations.

Bull Market

A long period of rising stock prices.

Speculation

The act of buying stocks at great risks with the anticipation that the prices will rise.

Margin

Buying a stock by paying only a fraction of the stock price and borrowing the rest.

Margin Fall

Demand by a broker that investors pay back loans made for stocks purchased on margin.

Bank Run

Persistent and heavy demands by a bank's depositors, creditors, or customers to withdraw money.

Installment

Regular periodic payment made to pay off the cost of an item when buying it on credit.

Collapse

A sudden loss of of force, value, or effect.

Invest

To put money into a company in order to gain a future financial reward.

Sum

A specified amount of money.

Bailiff

Minor officer of the courts.

Hobo

A homeless and usually penniless wanderer.

Soap Opera

A serial drama on television or radio using melodramatic situations.

Suspend

To cease or stop.

Colleague

A person who works in the same, or a similar, profession.

Technique

A method of achieving a desired aim.

Public Works

Projects such as highways, parks, and libraries built with public funds for public use.

Relief

Aid in the form of money or supplies for those in need.