Antisemitism

What is antisemitism defined as?

Prejudice, discrimination, or hostility against Jewish people.

What were early Christian teachings that contributed to antisemitism?

Accusations of deicide, blaming Jews for the death of Jesus.

Name one religious policy from the Church that impacted Jews.

Restrictions on Jewish livelihoods and forced conversions.

What is blood libel?

False accusations that Jews used Christian children's blood for rituals.

What event were Jews falsely blamed for during the 14th century?

The Black Death.

Which countries expelled Jews in the late 15th century?

England (1290), France (1306), and Spain (1492).

What economic role did Jews often occupy in medieval Europe?

Moneylenders due to Christian prohibitions on usury.

What is described as 'the longest hatred'?

Antisemitism that persisted for over 2 thousand years.

What historical doctrine hardened during the 10th and 11th centuries?

The belief that all Jews were responsible for the death of Christ.

What significant event caused the destruction of the Temple?

The Romans' destruction and scattering of Jewish people.

What two factions within Christianity contributed to negative views of Jews?

The split between Roman Catholicism and Greek Orthodoxy.

What were Jews blamed for during the Crusades?

Being a threat to Christianity and being disloyal.

What did Martin Luther write that was antisemitic?

On the Jews and Their Lies.

What is a ghetto?

A forced segregation/separation of Jewish communities, e.g. Venice Ghetto, established in 1516.

What accompanying social event targeted Jewish people during the early modern period?

Witch hunts. Jews were accused of withcraft.

What conditions allowed Jews to return to Western Europe after expulsion?

They returned with permission and protection from rulers.

In what ways were Jews allowed to participate economically in society?

As moneylenders, in commerce, manufacturing, and free professions.

What stereotype existed about Jews and hard work?

Jews did not work hard or produce goods with their hands.

What pseudoscientific (falsely claimed as being based on scientific method) theory emerged about Jews in the 19th century?

Aryan supremacy and the notion of Jewish inferiority.

What infamous fabricated text claimed a Jewish conspiracy to control the world?

The Protocols of the Elders of Zion.

What was the Dreyfus Affair?

A case in France where a Jewish army officer was falsely accused of treason.

What catastrophic event targeted Jews during World War II?

The Holocaust, resulting in the murder of 6 million Jews.