Systemic Circulation Quiz 1

In arteries, the thickest layer of the wall is the

a. Tunica externa

b. Tunica media

c. Tunica intima

d. Tunica adventitia

e. None of the answers is correct because all the layers are of the same dimension.

b. Tunica media

The ____ is composed of circularly arranged layers of smooth muscle cells.

a. Tunica media

b. Tunica externa

c. Tunica intima

d. Tunica interna

e. None of the answers is correct.

a. Tunica media

A network of small arteries called the ___ provides a blood supply to the tunica externa of very large vessels.

a. Vasa vasorum

b. Companion vessels

c. Distributing arteries

d. fenestrated arteries

e. Thoroughfare channels

a. Vasa vasorum

The ___ is composed of an endothelium and a subendothelial layer made up of a thin layer of areolar connective tissue.

a. Tunica media

b. Tunica externa

c. Tunica intima

d. Tunica adventitia

e. None of the answers is correct.

c. Tunica intima

Which of the following are found in the capillary wall?

a. Endothelium

b. Subendothelial layer

c. Internal elastic lamina

d. Intercellular clefts

e. External elastic lamina

f. Basement membrane

a, d, f

In general, as an artery’s diameter decreases, the artery walls show:

a. A decrease in the relative amount of smooth muscle and an increase in the relative amount of elastic fibers.

b. An increase in the relative amount of smooth muscle and a decrease in the relative amount of elastic fibers.

c. An increase in the relative amount of smooth muscle and elastic fibers and a decrease in endothelium.

d. A decrease in both smooth muscle and elastic fibers and an increase in areolar connective tissue.

b. An increase in the relative amount of smooth muscle and a decrease in the relative amount of elastic fibers.

Which of the artery types contain the internal and external elastic laminae?

a. Elastic arteries

b. Arterioles

c. Muscular arteries

d. Elastic and muscular arteries

e. Elastic arteries and arterioles

c. Muscular arteries

Precapillary sphincters will

a. Control blood flow into the true capillaries

b. Cause blood to flow directly from the met arteriole into the post-capillary venules

c. Open when the tissue needs nutrients

d. Close when the tissue’s needs have been met

e. All of the answers are correct

e. All of the answers are correct

The function of the post-capillary Venules is to

a. allow for diffusion of nutrients to the tissues

b. allow for diffusion of metabolic wastes from the tissues

c. drain the capillary bed

d. supply met arteriole with blood

e. allow for diffusion of nutrients and metabolic wastes

c. drain the capillary bed

Which is the most common type of capillary?

a. Fenestrated

b. Sinusoids

c. Continuous

d. Venules

e. Discontinuous

c. Continuous

Which part of the circulatory system holds the largest amount of blood?

a. Pulmonary arteries

b. Pulmonary veins

c. Systemic arteries

d. Systemic veins

d. Systemic veins

Oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported between the blood and interstitial fluid by way of

a. Exocytosis and endocytosis by endothelial cells

b. Pinocytosis using fluid-filled vesicles

c. Diffusion from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration

d. Active transport (using ATP) by protein carriers of endothelial cells

c. Diffusion from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration

Blood colloid osmotic pressure is largely due to

a. The proteins in the blood and it promotes reabsorption

b. The high amount of water in the blood, and it promotes diffusion out of the capillaries

c. The proteins in the blood and it promotes filtration

d. The pressure generated by the heart, and it favors osmosis into the arteriole end of the capillary bed

e. The high amount of water in the blood, and it promotes filtration from arterioles

a. The proteins in the blood and it promotes reabsorption

Net filtration pressure (NFP) is equal to the

a. Blood hydrostatic pressure minus the tissue hydrostatic pressure

b. Colloid osmotic pressure in the blood divided by the resistance in the tissue

c. Blood pressure times the total peripheral resistance

d. Net hydrostatic pressure minus the net colloid osmotic pressure

e. Osmotic pressure in the tissue minus the hydrostatic pressure in the blood

d. Net hydrostatic pressure minus the net colloid osmotic pressure

Tendons and ligaments have

a. A high degree of vascularization, therefore high perfusion and rapid healing

b. A high degree of vascularization, therefore high perfusion and slow healing

c. A high degree of vascularization, therefore low perfusion and slow healing

d. A low degree of vascularization, therefore high perfusion and rapid healing

e. A low degree of vascularization, therefore low perfusion and slow healing

e. A low degree of vascularization, therefore low perfusion and slow healing