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What two domains do algae fall into?
Eukarya and Bacteria
Algae
oxygenic, photoautotrophic organisms that contain chlorophyll a
Micro-algae
Needs a microscope for identification
Macro-algae
can be identified by eye
What type of water tend to be more nutrient rich
Coastal waters
What waters have a lower nutrient concentration?
open ocean in the tropics and sub-tropics
Diatoms
a single-celled alga which has a cell wall of silica
Dinoflagellates
unicellular organisms with two flagella
What is ocean fertility dependent on?
nitrogen-fixing bacteria, because they reduce dissolved N2 and NH3
What does nitrogen fixing replace?
It replaces what is lost from the dentrification processes of other microorganisms
Dentrification
Nitrogen compunds being converted to nitrogen gas
What does nitrogen fixation involve in addition to cyanobacteria?
Mutualistic symbioses
Mixotrophic
uses multiple different sources of energy to make food
Responsible for 40% of marine primary productivity and 20% global productivity
diatoms
Epipelon
community of algae and cyanobacteria that live on fine-grained sediment or sand
Endopelon
ommunity of algae and cyanobacteria that live within fine-grained sediment or sand
Epipasammon
specialised microflora found attached to sand grains
Epilithic
micro-algae that live on all rock surfaces
Endolithic
algae living within rock fabric, below the surface
Euendolithic
algae that bore into calcareous rocks like coral reefs
Stromalites
rock forming algae
How does coral bleaching occur?
Endosymbionts are lost from coral cells
Phaeophyceae
Brown algae
Rhodophyta
Red algae
Chlorophyta
green algae
Siphonous algae
has one large cell containing numerous nuclei
what color algae has evolved to have a parasitic lifestyle among a number of species?
red algae
Epiphytic macro-algae
attached to plants
Epizoic macro-algae
attached to animals
