Solutions and Precipitation Reactions

What is the formula for Molarity (M)?

Molarity (M) = Moles of solute / Liters of solution.

How many moles of NaOH are in 1.5 liters of a 2 M solution?

3 moles.

What is the molarity of a solution prepared by dissolving 2.4 grams of NaOH in 250 mL of solution?

0.24 M.

Calculate the molarity of a CaCl2 solution made by dissolving 11.5 g in 0.500 L of water.

0.207 M.

How is a solution prepared by dilution calculated?

Using the formula M1V1 = M2V2.

What volume of concentrated 12.0 M HCl is needed to prepare a 250 mL 6.00 M solution?

125 mL.

What type of reaction is represented by AB + CD → AD + CB?

Double Replacement reaction.

What is an example of a combustion reaction?

CH4(g) + 2O2(g) → CO2(g) + 2H2O(g).

What is the net ionic equation for Ag+ + Cl− → AgCl?

Ag+ Cl− → AgCl (s).

How do you identify spectator ions in a reaction?

Spectator ions are ions that do not take part in the reaction.

What is the solubility of nitrate ions (NO3-) in water?

Nitrate ions are soluble in water.

If NaCl and AgNO3 react, what are the products?

NaNO3 (aq) and AgCl (s).

What is the mass of Ca(NO3)2 needed to prepare 0.125 L of a 0.625 M solution?

12.8 g.

How many grams of KHP are needed to make a 0.2500 L solution of 0.1168 M?

5.9614 g KHP.

Identify the classifications of chemical reactions.

Double Replacement, Single Replacement, Combination, Decomposition, and Combustion.

What is the phase of AgCl when formed in a reaction?

Solid (s).

What is the dilution formula for solutions?

M1V1 = M2V2, where M is molarity and V is volume.

What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 5 grams of NaCl in 200 mL of water?

0.427 M.

How do you convert grams of a solute to moles?

Moles = grams / molar mass.

How is a saturated solution defined?

A solution that has dissolved the maximum amount of solute at a given temperature.

What is an example of a single replacement reaction?

Zinc + Copper sulfate → Zinc sulfate + Copper.

What are products of the reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium bicarbonate?

Sodium chloride, carbon dioxide, and water.

What type of compound is formed when an acid reacts with a base?

A salt and water.

What is the pH of a neutral solution at 25°C?

pH 7.

What does it mean for a solution to be concentrated?

It contains a large amount of solute relative to the solvent.

What ions are present in a buffered solution?

Weak acid and its conjugate base or weak base and its conjugate acid.