Geography - CASE STUDY, dynamic development (Developing LIDC)

Which material is Zambia rich in?

copper

what does it mean to be a landlocked country?

it is entirely surrounded by land, making trade harder to make overseas

Zambia has one of the fastest growing _________ in Africa

economies

which organisation is Zambia apart of?

world trade organisation (WTO)

why was the 2012 project “why invest in Zambia?” made?

Zambia relies too heavily on the copper they export

Give 4 reasons why countries invest in Zambia

• tourism attractions, Zambezi river, lake Kariba (hot springs)

• stable government, has a peaceful democracy

• rich in natural resources, copper and over 50% land for farming

• good place to work and live, it is safe, has a lot of shops and a beautiful country

the trend in coppers price __________

fluctuates

How has China invested in Zambia through TAZARA railway?

• China Invested 1.4 billion US dollars in infrastructure and transport links such as the TAZARA railway

• TAZARA railway was built in 1970s and is 1850km long and helps Zambia’s copper exports to be transported easily as it’s a landlocked country

• this provides more jobs for Zambians

what is ABF? (associated British foods)

• a TNC which operates in 46 countries, including Zambia. They own well known UK brands

• In 2001 they brought Zambia’s sugar and it is now Zambia’s main sugar exporter

HIPC

heavily indebted poor country

how has China invested in Zambia through Chambishi mine?

• in 1988 China brought Chambishi mine which made it easier to transport copper exports which increased economic growth

• over 500 China companies invest in Zambia

how has ABF (associated British foods) invested and helped Zambia develop? what are the disadvantages?

• ABF brought Zambia’s sugar exports

• Benefits include more jobs provided increasing income, workers and company pays more tax to the government and has helped Zambia exploit it’s natural exports

• ABF had provided free education and healthcare to all of its employees

• However, during 2007-2012, ABF did not pay taxes which decreased the amount of money going to government and decreases their rate of development

name a top-down development project Zambia has made

Kariba dam

give 4 advantages of Kariba dam

• generates hydro-electric power, doesn’t produce carbon emissions

• new industries are made around it (tourism, fishing) which has created jobs

• It is a water supply, is used to grow crops improving food security

• it is a tourist attraction, which brings in revenue for Zambia

give 4 disadvantages of Kariba dam

• 57000 Tanga people, mostly farming families, had to be moved

• where they moved to has less fertile soil, leading to hunger

• no natural flooding can occur leading to loss of natural ecosystems

• communities north and south of the lake were cut off from each other, no electricity

name a bottom-up development project in Zambia

room to read

what is the room to read project’s main aims?

• increase number of girls schools

• promote girls education

• to give girls life skills

economic development

progress in economic growth

social development

improvement in people’s standards of living

environmental development

improvement in the management and protection of the environment

what are some properties of an LIDC

• low GNI per capita

• low standard of living

• economy often based on primary industries such as agriculture

• less money spent on development

what are some properties of an AC

• high GNI per capita

• high standard of living

• economy often based on Quaternary and tertiary jobs such as industry

• A lot of money spent on developing education and healthcare

what are some properties of an EDC

• increasing GNI per capita

• economy moving from being based to primary industry to secondary industry

• export a lot of manufactured goods

• A lot of money spent on developing education and healthcare

what are the 6 MDGs?

• stop extreme hunger and poverty

• achieve universal primary education

• Reduce child mortality

• improve maternal health

• Combat all diseases

How have Zambia made progress

• combating diseases

• and achieving universal primary education? (MDGs)

• Zambia has made significant progress in achieving universal primary education and stopping diseases such as HIV/ AIDS

• due to the removal of school fees in 2015, primary school enrolment increased by 90%, However, girls dropping out of school is still high due to poverty and early marriage

• number of people affected by HIV and AIDs has decreased due to increased awareness and free treatment

• mosquito nets are also being distributed, decreasing the spread of malaria

How have Zambia made progress

• stopping extreme hunger + poverty

• reducing child mortality and improving metal health? (MDGs)

• Zambia’s economy has heavily relied on their copper exports leading to a slight decrease in poverty rates

• However, more than 50% of the population still suffer from poverty in rural areas

• Child mortality has decreased, deaths of under 5 year olds decreased by 191 per 1000 to only 75

• maternal mortality has decreased but remains high in rural areas due to poor healthcare

In Zambia, suggest and explain which stage of the Rostow Model it has reached [3]

Zambia is at stage 2

• Zambia is only beginning to improve its infrastructure and investing in industries like mining

• Zambia heavily relies on copper exports for their income and foreign investments

• Zambia still suffers from poverty and has limited development