Chapter 31 Deuterostomes (ACHIEVE)

Few species of frogs and salamanders are _ which means they give birth to well developed young

Viviparous

Sharks, skates, and rays possess all of the following characteristics except

Thin flat scales

What characteristics do sharks, skates, and rays possess?

Cartilage skeletons

Jaws 

Teeth 

What character was thought to be found in common ancestor of deuterostomes?

Pharyngeal slits

Anterior posterior orientation of mouth and anus

Sea cucumber

False statement about primates

Tails of New World monkeys are adapted to a terrestrial existence

What substance in enchinoderms passes through madreporite and in which direction

Salt water passes trough madreporite into the body and water vascular system

What do hemichordates consist of?

Acorn worms and pterobranchs 

Which animal group does this belong to- rocky tide poo, hemisphere shaped body covered w spines that move when touched

Echinozoan

Which trait is not found in early deuterostomes?

Vertebral column

Which group has fewest living members?

Tuataras

What statement is false about lancelets?

Predators that dart out to catch microorganisms 

Sea squirts adults vs. larvae

Sessile adults vs motile larvae

Statement about modern amphibian vulnerability

Thin skin and loses water rapidly when exposed to dry air

Tube feet in sea star functions

Suction cup is adhesive disk

Gas exchange

Ampulla is connected to suction cup by muscular tube

Muscular movement of tube controls suction cup

Mudpuppy salamander has retained a completely aquatic lifestyle bc of what evolutionary process

Neotenic 

Example of neoteny

Completely aquatic lifestyle has evolved several times among salamanders

Which statement about primates is false

Tails of new world monkeys are adapted to a terrestrial existence

What statement about amniote egg is false

Nitrogenous wastes are stored w/in allantois in placental animals

Function of tube feet in sea cucumber

Attaching to substrate

Which feature in sea squirt larva does not appear in adult

Hollow dorsal nerve cord, post anal tail, and notochord

Not a chordate synapomorphy

Segmented muscles

Not found in early deuterostomes 

Vertebral column

What was the first homonid to leave Africa?

Homo erectus

What are archosaurs that possess a bipeal stance and a furcula 

Theropods 

Not a cause of the disappearance and decline of amphibians

Decrease in number of eggs laid 

What arose from an ancestor shared w/lungfishes that had enlarged, muscular, pectoral and pelvic fins, each jointed to a body by a single enlarged bone

Amphibians

Advantage of scales in lepidosaurs

Greatly reduce water loss

What structure is not a part of the amniote egg

Bone

How does lamprey obtain nutrients 

Attaching to fish w/jawless mouth and rasping away flesh 

False statement about anurans

Tough skins as an adaptation to moist environments

Freshwater river sample and discovered a small, enlongated, filter feeding organism w pharyngeal slits, it would most likely be a

Larval lamprey

Which chordate represents an example of why caution is needed when phylogenetic relationships are assessed using only adult structures?

Tunicate