Cell Organelles and Structures: Plant vs. Animal Cells

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8 Terms

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Chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis. Double membrane (outer-smooth; inner-stacks of coins call thylakoid membrane). Only in plant cells. Has own DNA. Sunlight + H2O + CO2 = Glucose + O₂.

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Cytoskeleton

Cell skeleton. Support & movement. Microtubules (hollow) & microfilaments (solid). Cilia & flagella are special microtubules on the outside of cells for movement.

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Ribosome

Protein Synthesis. Works w/ RNA. Small round organelles in cytoplasm & on endoplasmic reticulum.

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Endoplasmic Reticulum

Highway of cell.

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Rough ER

Has ribosomes. Protein synthesis and movement.

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Smooth ER

Lipid production & movement.

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Plant Cell

Has a cell wall, chloroplasts, rarely has centrioles, stores food as Cellulose/Starch, has a huge vacuole for storage, and has a fixed shape.

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Animal Cell

No cell wall, no chloroplasts, has centrioles, stores food as Glycogen, usually no vacuole, and can change shape.