Quiz 5: Intro to PT Doc

mouth

or/o-, stomat/o

tongue

gloss/o-, lingu/o-

stomach

gastr/o-

liver

hepat/o-

gallbladder

cholecyst/o-

pancreas

pancreat/o-

duodenum

duoden/o-

jejunum

jejun/o-

ileum

ile/o-

anus, rectum

proct/o-

bariatric

related to obesity

bolus

round mass of chewed, swallowed food (also: single dose of medicine or substance)

emesis

vomiting

flatus

gas in the GI tract

jaundice

yellow appearance usually due to poor liver function

mastication

chewing

anorexia

loss of appetite

ascites

accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity (often the result of liver disease or cancer)

cachexia

physical wasting associated with AIDS and cancer

cholelithiasis

stones in the gallbladder

cirrhosis

scarring/dysfunction of the liver due to chronic liver disease

diverticulosis

formation of small pouches in colon

halitosis

foul-smelling breath

hematemesis

vomiting blood (from GI system)

hepatitis

inflammation of the liver

hernia

bulging of an organ or tissue through an abnormal opening (hiatal, inguinal)

hemorrhoids

swollen varicose veins in the anorectal region

irritable bowel syndrome

syndrome of altered bowel function (constipation, diarrhea, or both) with no known organic cause

melena

dark, tar-like feces due to bleeding in esophagus or stomach

appendectomy

removal of an appendix

colostomy

surgical procedure where a surgeon makes an opening in the abdominal wall and attaches the healthy part of a colon to the opening so waste can be collected in an external bag

lithotripsy

crushing a stone, such as through extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL)

paracentesis

removing fluid from the abdomen through a needle inserted in the belly (also abdominocentesis)

Roux-en-Y (gastric bypass)

bariatric surgery; the stomach is stapled to decrease its size and the jejunum is shortened and connected to the small stomach in order to decrease the pathway of food and thus the absorption of calories and fats

vertical banded gastroplasty

bariatric surgery; the top part of the stomach is stapled and a band is inserted to slow down and restrict food consumption, causing a sensation of fullness

calculus

stone

cystitis

inflammation of the bladder

cystocele

herniation of the bladder

diuresis

increased urine production

enuresis

involuntary emission of urine

hematuria

blood in urine

incontinence

inability to hold urine or feces

micturition

act of urinating

nephrolithiasis

having kidney stones

nocturia

need to urinate at night

polydipsia

excessive thirst

polyuria

excessive urination

void

to empty

hemodialysis

procedure that separates/removes bypoducts from blood

amenorrhea

abnormal absence of menstruation

antepartum

before childbirth

congenital disorder

a disorder present at birth

dyspareunia

painful intercourse

ectopic pregnancy

implantation outside of the uterus (usually fallopian tubes)

endometriosis

endometrial tissue growing outside the uterus

gravida

a pregnant woman

hyperemesis gravidarum

severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy

nulligravida

a woman who has never been pregnant

nullipara

a woman who has never given birth

preeclampsia

a condition in pregnancy characterized by hypertension

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

inflammation of female reproductive organs; can result in infertility

digital rectal examination (DRE)

assessing the prostate’s size and shape by inserting a finger into the rectum

episiotomy

cutting the vulva and/or perineum to create passage for birth

episiorrhaphy

surgical repair of an episiotomy

hysterectomy

surgical removal of the uterus

laproscopy

using an endoscopy to view and perform surgery in the abdomen (not specific to reproductive surgeries)

tubal ligation

blocking (via ties, clips, bands, burning, cutting, etc.) tubes to prevent pregnancy

vasectomy

tubal ligation of the vas deferens

aur/o, auricul/o, ot/o

ear

acous/o, acu/o, audi/o, audit/o

hearing

vestibul/o

the inner ear and sensory information gathered by the vestibular nerve

labyrinth/o

the cochlea and semicircular canals; the inner ear

tympan/o

eardrum

ocul/o, ophthalm/o, opt/o, optic/o

eye, vision

blephar/o

eyelid

lacrim/o

tear duct

corne/o

cornea

retin/o

retina

anacusis

complete hearing loss

paracusis

partial hearing loss (or hearing impairment)

blepharoptosis

drooping eyelid

conjunctivitis

inflammation of the conjunctiva; “pink eye”

diplopia

double vision

hemianopia

loss of half of the visual field

labyrinthitis

inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear)

myopia

inability to see objects far away; “nearsightedness”

nystagmus

involuntary rhythmic movements of the eye

photophobia

sensitivity to light

rhinitis

inflammation of the nose; runny nose

tympanorrhexis

rupture of the tympanic membrane (ear drum)

strabismus

weakness of eye muscles causing misalignment of eyes

tinnitus

ringing in the ear

vertigo

sensation of the room spinning

ophthalmoscope

instrument used to view internal structures of the eye

otoscope

instrument used to view the tympanic membrane in the ear

rhinoscopy

visualization of the nose with a rhinoscope

visual acuity test

assessment of vision based on norms; visual acuity chart determines distance