MED QUIZ

Spastic

Paralysis, hyper reflexive of rigid muscles

Flaccid

Floppy muscle

Cerebral Palsy

Nonprogressive; Congenital movement disorder

Cerebral Vascular Accident

Stroke; Blood flow to brain is impaired

Coma

Unconscious state; does not respond to any stimulus

Traumatic Brain Injury

Force applied to skull that causes brain damage

Hydrocephalus

Accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid into ventricle

Concussion

Mild brain injury that may damage brain tissue

Neuron

Nerve cells for functional control of the nervous system

Astrocytes

Metabolic and structural support cells of the CNS

Satellite cells

Support cells of the PNS

Dura matter

Outermost meningeal layer

Microglia

Cells that remove debris from the CNS

Arachnoid mater

Middle meningeal layer

Schwann

Makes myelin for the PNS

Oligodendrocytes

Makes myelin for the CNS

pia mater

innermost meningeal layer

ependymal cells

Covers surfaces and lines cavities of the CNS

Neurophathy

Decrease in function of peripheral nerves

Paralysis

Inability to control voluntary movement

Spinal cord injury

Damage to Spain cord caused by disease or injury

Paraplegia

Paralysis in lower limbs

quadriplegia

paralysis of all four limbs

Meningitis

Viral or bacterial infection of the lining of the brain and spinal cord

Polarized

Not simulated; not excited

Botulism

Caused by ingested bacteria, resulting in paralysis

Gillian-Barré syndrome

Inflammation of the peripheral nerves leading to rapid onset of paralysis (No known cause)

Paralyzed diaphragm

leads to respiratory arrest

multiple sclerosis

damage to the myelin sheath, leading to poor impulse conductivity

Diabetes and alcoholism

systemic, may cause peripheral neuropathy

Myasthenia Gravis

Autoimmune disorder in which acetylcholine receptors are reduced

polio and shingles

infections that may cause peripheral neuropathy

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Flexor tendon sheath becomes inflamed compressing a wrist nerve

Endorphin

Inhibits the release of pain neurotransmitters

Acetylcholine

Skeletal neuromuscular junction neurotransmitter

Serotonin

Regulates temperature, mood, and onset of sleep

Norepinephrine

Increases heart rate and blood pressure

Tetrodotoxin

Poison in fugu

Calcium

Triggers the release of neurotransmitters from the vesicles

Potassium

Rushes out of cells for repolarization to occur

Sarin

Inhibits acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE)

breaks down ACh

Sodium

Rushes into the cell for depolarization

Dorsal root ganglion

Sensory neurons

Ventral horn

Motor neurons

Commissure

Connects right and left halves

Ascending tracts

Carries sensory information

Descending tracts

Carries motor information

Lateral horn

Autonomic neurons

Spinal nerves

Carries mixed information

Gray matter

Cell bodies

White matter

Axons

Central canal

Fluid-filled center of the spinal cord