Types of cell membrane transportation

chapter 3

Simple diffusion (term)

Random movement of particles from an area of HIGH concentration to an area of LOW concentration

Which type of cell membrane transportation can walk right through the cell membrane like ghosts walk through walls?

Simple diffusion (definition)

Is simple diffusion a passive process?

yes, simple diffusion is a passive process

Osmosis (term)

the movement of water molecules from an area of higher concentration of water to an area of lower concentration of water & the cell does not have to use any of its energy

Does osmosis happen unassisted?

yes, osmosis happens unassisted

Osmolarity

measurement of osmosis

Facilitated diffusion

molecules are moving through the cell membrane using assistance of a carrier or channel in order to go from higher concentration to lower concentration & also the cell does NOT have to use any of its energy

What is a carrier?

helper molecules

What is a channel?

a door or window

Is facilitated diffusion passive?

yes, facilitated diffusion is a passive process

Does facilitated diffusion need assistance?

yes, facilitated diffusion needs assistance

Active transport

moving molecules through the cell membrane from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

Active transport requires what?

active transport requires the cell to use energy

Vesicular transport

moves multiple molecules through the cell membrane at once using a vesicle (cellular sac)

What is vesicular transport like?

like putting your groceries in a bag to carry to your car

Another name for vesicular transport

bulk cellular transportation

Does vesicular transport require energy?

yes, vesicular transport requires energy

What are the four types of vesicular transport?

endocytosis, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, exocytosis

What is endocytosis?

moving molecules INTO a cell

What is phagocytosis?

cell EATING/INGESTION

What is pinocytosis?

cell DRINKING

What is exocytosis?

moving molecules OUT of a cell

What is tonicity?

measurement of a cell’s ability to change its size and shape based on the water content in its internal and external environment

What is true about cells?

cells can change based on what environment they're put in

What are the three types of tonicities/environments that cells can exist in?

isotonic, hypotonic, and hypertonic

What is isotonic?

water levels inside of cell are the same/equal to the water levels outside of the cell

What is hypotonic?

water levels OUTSIDE of the cell are greater than the water levels inside of the cell

What is hypertonic?

water levels INSIDE of the cell are greater than the water levels outside of the cell

In isotonic solutions…

… blood cells keep their normal size and shape

In hypertonic solutions…

… cells lose water by osmosis and shrink until they implode

In hypotonic solutions…

… cells take on water by osmosis until they become bloated and burst