medicine in the early 20th century

who used the first antiseptic

joseph lister 1865

by the late 1800s most orations used the aseptic method

who discovered the x ray

wilhelm Roentgen in 1895

problems with the early x-ray

* radiation was not understood so patients could suffer burns or hair loss
* used glass and could be easily broken
* took abt 90 mins leading to dangerous levels of radiation
* difficult to move around due to size

what are some aseptic methods

* surgeons washed hands face and arms
* rubber gloves
* surgical tools sterilized

who carried out the first blood transudation

james blundell 1818

performed 10 transfutions 5 of which were successful

problem with original blood transfusion method

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* Early transfusions used unmodified whole blood, which often caused severe reactions and even death.
* Blood typing and cross-matching were not yet understood, leading to incompatible transfusions.
* Lack of anticoagulants and proper storage methods also contributed to the failure of early transfusions

who discovered blood types

karl landsteiner 1901

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