Cold War + Israel-Palestine Conflict Vocab

Truman Doctrine

1947, President Truman's policy of providing economic and military aid to any country threatened by communism or totalitarian ideology, mainly helped Greece and Turkey

Iron Curtain

a metaphorical "curtain" split between the democratic nations and communist nations

Warsaw Pact

An alliance between the Soviet Union and other Eastern European nations. This was in response to NATO. Against democracy, supported communism

Sputnik

The first artificial Earth satellite was launched by the Soviet Union in 1957 and sparked U.S. fears of Soviet dominance in technology and outer space. It led to the creation of NASA and the space race.

Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD)

The possession of second-strike nuclear capabilities, which ensures that neither of two adversaries could prevent the other from destroying it in an all-out war.

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization)

Military alliance created in 1949, made up of 12 non-Communist countries, including the United States, that support each other if attacked. Countered the Soviet Union

Berlin Wall

A fortified wall surrounding West Berlin, Germany, was built in 1961 to prevent East German citizens from traveling to the West. Its demolition in 1989 symbolized the end of the Cold War. This wall was both a deterrent to individuals trying to escape and a symbol of repression to the free world.

Proxy War

a war in which the powers in conflict use other countries as substitutes instead of fighting each other directly.

Brinkmanship

The willingness to go to the brink of war to force an opponent to back down

Containment

American policy of resisting further expansion of communism around the world

Cultural Revolution

(1966-1976) Political policy in started in China by Mao Zedong to eliminate his rivals and train a new generation in the revolutionary spirit that created communist China. The Cultural Revolution resulted in beatings, terror, mass jailings, and the deaths of thousands.

Space Race

A competition of space exploration between the United States and the Soviet Union.

Satelite Nations

Countries that were under Soviet control during the Cold War, were used as a buffer zone for the USSR.

Nuclear Arms Race

Cold War competition between U.S. and Soviet Union to develop the most advanced nuclear weapons.

West Bank

In Israel, a strip of land on the west side of the Jordan River, originally controlled by Jordan, which is part of the land set aside for Arab Palestinians

Jerusalem

A city in the Holy Land, regarded as sacred by Christians, Muslims, and Jews. Both Israelis and Palestinians saw this place as a holy site.

IDF

Israeli Defense Forces

PLO

Palestine Liberation Organization

First and Second Intifada

first in 1987 second in 2000, israel had been confiscating more land and harassing more palestinians, and palestine responded with an uprising, it was a time of palestinian campaign of violence and nonviolent resistance against israel

Occupation

Israeli occupation of the Palestinian territories

Gaza Strip

A territory along the Mediterranean Sea just northeast of the Sinai Peninsula; part of the land set aside for Palestinians, which was occupied by Israel in 1967.

British Mandate for Palestine

Issued by the League of Nations after World War I (1923), the Mandate formalized British rule over Palestine (the modern State of Israel), as part of the League's goal of administering the region's formerly Ottoman nations "until such time as they are able to stand alone."

Zionism

A policy for establishing and developing a national homeland for Jews in Palestine.

Camp David Accords

A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt, where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel and Israel gave Egypt its previously occupied land back

Hamas

A Palestinian military terrorist group intent on replacing Israel with an Islamic State

Settlers

Israeli citizens who live in settlements and outposts built on Palestinian land in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem.

Yom Kippur

Jewish Day of Atonement: Hamas attacked on October 6, 1973

Six-Day War

(1967) Short conflict between Egypt and her allies against Israel won by Israel; Israel took over the Golan Heights, The West Bank of the Jordan River; and the Sanai Peninsula.

Oslo Accords

An agreement in 1993 in which Israeli Prime Minister Rabin granted Palestinian self-rule in the Gaza Strip and the West Bank.