The Spanish Final Exam Review
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446 Terms
la clínica
clinic
el consultorio
doctor's office
el/la dentista
dentist
el examen médico
physical exam
la farmacia
pharmacy
el hospital
hospital
la operación
operation
la sala de emergencia(s)
emergency room
la cabeza
head
el cuerpo
body
el oído
(sense of) hearing; inner ear
la oreja
ear
el accidente
accident
la salud
health
el síntoma
symptom
caerse
to fall (down)
darse con
to bump into; to run into
doler (o:ue)
to hurt
enfermarse
to get sick
estar enfermo/a
to be sick
lastimarse (el pie)
to injure (one's foot)
poner una inyección
to give an injection
recetar
to prescribe
romperse (la pierna)
to break (one's leg)
sacar(se) un diente
to have a tooth removed
sufrir una enfermedad
to suffer an illness
torcerse (o:ue) (el tobillo)
to sprain (one's ankle)
toser
to cough
gripe
flu (common cold in some regions)
resfriado
cold
catarro
common cold (Cuba, Esp., Gua.)
sala de urgencias
emergency room (Arg., Col., Esp., Méx.)
romperse/quebrar
to break (Arg., Gua.)
el paciente
patient
el ojo
eye
la nariz
nose
el cuello
neck
la boca
mouth
la garganta
throat
el estómago
stomach
la rodilla
knee
el dedo
finger
el corazón
heart
el antibiótico
antibiotic
la aspirina
aspirin
el medicamento
medication
la pastilla
pill
la receta
prescription
el dedo del pie
toe
la doctora
doctor (female)
el hueso
bone
la enfermera
nurse
el tobillo
ankle
Estornuda.
(He/She) sneezes.
Toma la temperatura.
(He/She) takes the temperature.
Cuerpo
Body, referring to the physical structure of a person.
Ejercicio aeróbico
Aerobic exercise, physical activity that improves the efficiency of the body's cardiovascular system.
Salud
Health, a state of physical, mental, and social well-being.
Consulta médica
Medical consultation, an appointment with a healthcare provider.
Síntoma
Symptom, a physical or mental feature indicating a condition.
Accidente
Accident, an unexpected and unfortunate event causing injury or damage.
Enfermedad
Illness, a condition affecting the normal functioning of a body part.
Dolor de cabeza
Headache, pain in the head or neck region.
Alergia
Allergy, a condition resulting from an immune response to a substance.
Nutrición
Nutrition, the process of obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
Imperfect tense
A tense used to describe past activities that are seen as incomplete or ongoing.
Regular verb forms in the imperfect
The forms for regular verbs like cantar, beber, and escribir, which have consistent endings.
Usage of imperfect
Describes habitual actions, events in progress, physical characteristics, mental/emotional states, telling time, and age.
Imperfect vs Preterite
Imperfect expresses ongoing or habitual actions, while preterite expresses completed actions.
Irregular verbs in the imperfect
Ir, ser, and ver are the only verbs that are irregular in the imperfect tense.
Había
The imperfect form of hay, meaning 'there was' or 'there were'.
Examples of imperfect usage
Used for actions like 'I was reading' or 'I lived in San José'.
Physical characteristics in imperfect
Describes attributes like age or physical appearance in the past.
Habitual actions examples
Expressions like 'as a child' or 'every day' indicate habitual actions in the imperfect.
Imperfect endings
All forms of -er and -ir verbs carry an accent on the first i of the ending.
Preterite
A past tense used to express actions that are viewed as completed.
Imperfect
A past tense used to describe ongoing actions, habitual actions, or physical and emotional states.
Interruption
An action, typically in the preterite tense, that disrupts an ongoing action described in the imperfect.
Background information
Details provided by the imperfect, including time, weather, and location in narrative contexts.
Completed actions
Actions that are considered finished, often indicated by the use of the preterite tense.
Repeated actions
Actions that occur habitually or regularly in the past, typically expressed using the imperfect tense.
Physical states
Descriptions of conditions or feelings in the past, usually using the imperfect tense.
Emotional states
The feelings or attitudes expressed in the past, generally conveyed through the imperfect tense.
Signal words for preterite
Words commonly associated with the preterite tense: ayer, anteayer, una vez, el año pasado, de repente.
Signal words for imperfect
Words commonly associated with the imperfect tense: de niño/a, todos los días, mientras, siempre, con frecuencia.
Narration
The act of recounting events where the preterite indicates specific actions and the imperfect provides context.
Use of 'Eran'
Indicates time or age in the past, commonly used with the imperfect.
Use of 'Fue'
Indicates a specific completed action or event in the past, commonly used with the preterite.
Pretérito
A verb tense used to describe actions completed in the past.
Imperfecto
A verb tense used to describe ongoing actions in the past, habitual actions, or to set the scene.
Accidente trágico
A tragic event or mishap, often leading to injury or loss.
Paramédicos
Medical professionals who respond to emergencies to provide immediate care.
Fracturas
Broken bones caused by accidents or injuries.
Evitar
To prevent something from happening or to keep away from something.
Reacción alérgica
An adverse immune response to a substance, often resulting in physiological symptoms.
Entrevista
A conversation where questions are asked to elicit information.
Emergencias
Medical situations requiring immediate attention.
Pasatiempos
Hobbies or activities done for enjoyment during free time.
Impersonal Constructions
Statements in which the person performing the action is not defined or is de-emphasized.
Se habla español en Costa Rica
Spanish is spoken in Costa Rica, an example of an impersonal construction.