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Catalase test
Separates staphylococcus from streptococcus
Tryptic soy agar
Colonies for catalase test must be from what media
Blood has catalase = false positive
Why do we not use blood agar for catalase test
Micrococcus
Micrococcus / staph
- bacitracin susceptible
Stapohylococcus
Micrococcus / Staph
- Furazolidone susceptible
- Lysostaphin sensitive
Micrococcus
Micrococcus / Staph
- Microdase test positive (blue)
Staphylococcus
grape-like clusters
S. saprophyticus
common cause of UTI that is nitrite negative
S. epidermidis
Biofilm formation -- infects prosthetic devices
S. saprophyticus
2nd most common cuase of uncomplicated UTI in oung women
S. saprophyticus
causes "Honeymooner's cystitis"
S. aureus
golden colonies on SBA
enterotoxin
staphylococcal food poisoning is caused by a preformed toxin that is HEAT RESISTANT
-- associated with mayonnaise in potato or egg salad
exfoliative toxin
scalded skin syndrome is caused by what toxin
impetigo
cutaneous infection characterized by crusty (honey crusted) lesions
-- caused by: S. aureus & S. pyogenes
S. aureus
acute bacterial endocarditis
- no pre existing valve diisease
S. viridans
subacute bacterial endocarditis
S. aureus
osteomyelitis in children
Salmonella
Osteomyelitis in sickle cell patient
protein A
Binds Fc region of IgG. Prevents opsonization and phagocytosis. Expressed by S. aureus.
hyaluronidase
spreading factor
enterotoxin F
old name for TSST-1
Streptolysin S
Is oxygen stable and is responsible for the hemolytic zones around streptococcal colonies growing on the surface
Streptolysin O
oxygen labile; antigenic
S. pyogenes
impetigo - honey crusted lesions
S. pyogenes
scarlet fever
- s/s "sandpaper" skin
- strawberry tongue
S. pyogenes
necrotizing fasciitis (flesh eating disease)
Rheumatic fever
Glomerulonephritis
2 secondary infections that can arise from streptococcal pyogenes
Dick's test
susceptibility test for scarlet fever
(+) redness, erythema
Schultz Charlton test
Diagnostic test for current scarlet fever
(+) blanching phenomenon
ASO titer
indicates recent S. pyogenes infection
S. agalactiae
neonatal septicemia, neonatal meningitis
S. agalactiae
CAMP +
Hippurate hydrolysis +
S. pneumoniae
Lancet shaped diplococci
antiphagocytic capsular polysaccharide
principal virulence factor of S. pneumoniae
S. pneumoniae
causes lobar pneumonia -- rusty sputum
S. pneumoniae
most common cause of bacterial meningitis in ADULTS
S. sanguinis
which types of Viridans streptococci are associated with Subacute bacterial endocarditis at damaged heart valves?
S. mutans
S. mitis
which types of Viridans streptococci are associated with dental caries
Enterococci
Enterococci / non-enterococci
- Growth at 10C (+)
- Growth in 6.5% NaCl (+)
FALSE
TRUE/FALSE
- Enterococcus causes diarrhea
S. bovis
Streptococcus associated with colon cancer
B. anthrasis
the only true pathogenic bacillus
Bacillus and Clostridium
spore formers
B. anthracis
causes anthrax
B. anthracis
Woolsorter's disease
Woolsorter's disease
most lethal form of anthrax
Protective antigen
edema factor
lethal factor
anthrax toxin is made up of 3 proteins:
edema toxin
responsible for cell and tissue edema
- EF + PA
Lethal toxin
cause of death in infected animals and humans
- LF + PA
B. anthracis
boxcar appearance
encapsulated
B. anthracis from patient is seen as
Spore forming
Bamboo pole arrangement
B. anthracis from culture is characterized as
medusa head
colonies of Bacillus anthracis
String of Pearls test
rounds up in media supplemented with penicillin
food poisoning
B. cereus causes
Emetic
Diarrheal
2 types of food poisoning caused B. cereus
emetic type
Associated with fried rice
diarrheal type
Associated with meat dishes and sauces
preformed emetic toxin
what is ingested in emetic type of food poisoning
spores
what is ingested in diarrheal type of food poisoning
B. cereus
bacillus with swarming motility
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Kleb-Loeffler's bacillus
C. diphtheriae
Chinese letter/picket fence
black colonies
C. diphtheriae in tinsdale media
Metachromatic granules
isolated C. diphtheriae in Loeffler's media
C. diphtheriae
Loeffler serum agar (+) poached egg colonies
Schick's test
skin test for C. diphtheriae
C. diphtheriae
Elek's and Schick's test are for?
C. pseudodiphtheriticum
C. ulcerans
C. pseudotuberculosis
Non lipophilic coryneform bacteria
C. jeikeium
C. urealyticum
Lipophilic coryneform bacteria
C. pseudodiphtheriticum
hoffman's bacillus
Listeria monocytogenes
tumbling motility
L. monocytogenes
salicin (+)
L. monocytogenes
CAMP test POSITIVE that causes SHOVEL-LIKE HEMOLYSIS
L. monocytogenes
Anton's test is for?
Corynebacteria
salicin (-)
L. monocytogenes
granulomatosis infantiseptica
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae
causes erysipeloid (seal finger, whale finger), "Fish handler's disease"; microaerophilic; produces H2S
NAC
2-4% NaOH
digestants for digestion and concentration of sputum
Lowenstein-Jensen agar
Mycobacterium culture media that contains egg glycerol and is good for niacin test
Middlebrook 7H10 and 7H11
Clear mycobacterium agar that is good for antimicrobial susceptibility test
glycerol
common component of culture medias for mycobacterium that enhances the human strain of M. tuberculosis
Niacin test
best test for M. tuberculosis (+)
Runyon group II and III
enzymatic hydrolysis of Tween 80
- positive in 5 days
M. tubercuosis
enzymatic hydrolysis of Tween 80
- positive in 10-20 days
M. tuberculosis +
M. bovis -
Mycobacterium - NITRATE REDUCTION
M/ tuberculosis
M. bovis
ALL mycobacterium are catalase positive except (2)
-- negative after incubation at 69C for 30 mins
M. fortuitum
mycobacterium positive growth in MacConkey agar
arylsulfatase test
Test for Rapid growers of Mycbacteria
M. tuberculosis
Rough & buff, cauiflower like serpentine cording on culture
moist heat
boiling for 10 mins
Pasteurization
Steam under pressure
M. tuberculosis is easily killed by (4)
M. ulcerans
buruli ulcers in africa
M. marinum
M asiaticum
M. simiae
M. kansasii
Photochromogens
- pigment produced in light only
M. scrofulaceum
M. szulgai
M. gordonae
M. flavescens
Scotocromogens II
pigment produced in dark as well as in light
M. avium-intracellulare
M. malmoense
M. haemophilum
M. terrae-trivale
M. xenopi
Non photochromogens III
pigment absent
M. phlei
M. smegmatis
M. fortuitum-chelonae complex
Rapid growers (2-7 days)
M. avium complex
Most common pathogen causing disseminated infections in AIDS patients
M. leprae
Hansen's disease (leprosy)
- obligate intracellular organism
lepra cell
macrophage containing acid fast bacilli