[BACTE] Gram Positive Cocci

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103 Terms

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Catalase test

Separates staphylococcus from streptococcus

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Tryptic soy agar

Colonies for catalase test must be from what media

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Blood has catalase = false positive

Why do we not use blood agar for catalase test

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Micrococcus

Micrococcus / staph

- bacitracin susceptible

5
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Stapohylococcus

Micrococcus / Staph

- Furazolidone susceptible

- Lysostaphin sensitive

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Micrococcus

Micrococcus / Staph

- Microdase test positive (blue)

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Staphylococcus

grape-like clusters

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S. saprophyticus

common cause of UTI that is nitrite negative

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S. epidermidis

Biofilm formation -- infects prosthetic devices

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S. saprophyticus

2nd most common cuase of uncomplicated UTI in oung women

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S. saprophyticus

causes "Honeymooner's cystitis"

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S. aureus

golden colonies on SBA

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enterotoxin

staphylococcal food poisoning is caused by a preformed toxin that is HEAT RESISTANT

-- associated with mayonnaise in potato or egg salad

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exfoliative toxin

scalded skin syndrome is caused by what toxin

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impetigo

cutaneous infection characterized by crusty (honey crusted) lesions

-- caused by: S. aureus & S. pyogenes

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S. aureus

acute bacterial endocarditis

- no pre existing valve diisease

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S. viridans

subacute bacterial endocarditis

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S. aureus

osteomyelitis in children

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Salmonella

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell patient

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protein A

Binds Fc region of IgG. Prevents opsonization and phagocytosis. Expressed by S. aureus.

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hyaluronidase

spreading factor

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enterotoxin F

old name for TSST-1

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Streptolysin S

Is oxygen stable and is responsible for the hemolytic zones around streptococcal colonies growing on the surface

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Streptolysin O

oxygen labile; antigenic

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S. pyogenes

impetigo - honey crusted lesions

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S. pyogenes

scarlet fever

- s/s "sandpaper" skin

- strawberry tongue

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S. pyogenes

necrotizing fasciitis (flesh eating disease)

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Rheumatic fever

Glomerulonephritis

2 secondary infections that can arise from streptococcal pyogenes

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Dick's test

susceptibility test for scarlet fever

(+) redness, erythema

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Schultz Charlton test

Diagnostic test for current scarlet fever

(+) blanching phenomenon

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ASO titer

indicates recent S. pyogenes infection

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S. agalactiae

neonatal septicemia, neonatal meningitis

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S. agalactiae

CAMP +

Hippurate hydrolysis +

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S. pneumoniae

Lancet shaped diplococci

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antiphagocytic capsular polysaccharide

principal virulence factor of S. pneumoniae

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S. pneumoniae

causes lobar pneumonia -- rusty sputum

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S. pneumoniae

most common cause of bacterial meningitis in ADULTS

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S. sanguinis

which types of Viridans streptococci are associated with Subacute bacterial endocarditis at damaged heart valves?

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S. mutans

S. mitis

which types of Viridans streptococci are associated with dental caries

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Enterococci

Enterococci / non-enterococci

- Growth at 10C (+)

- Growth in 6.5% NaCl (+)

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FALSE

TRUE/FALSE

- Enterococcus causes diarrhea

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S. bovis

Streptococcus associated with colon cancer

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B. anthrasis

the only true pathogenic bacillus

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Bacillus and Clostridium

spore formers

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B. anthracis

causes anthrax

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B. anthracis

Woolsorter's disease

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Woolsorter's disease

most lethal form of anthrax

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Protective antigen

edema factor

lethal factor

anthrax toxin is made up of 3 proteins:

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edema toxin

responsible for cell and tissue edema

- EF + PA

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Lethal toxin

cause of death in infected animals and humans

- LF + PA

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B. anthracis

boxcar appearance

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encapsulated

B. anthracis from patient is seen as

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Spore forming

Bamboo pole arrangement

B. anthracis from culture is characterized as

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medusa head

colonies of Bacillus anthracis

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String of Pearls test

rounds up in media supplemented with penicillin

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food poisoning

B. cereus causes

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Emetic

Diarrheal

2 types of food poisoning caused B. cereus

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emetic type

Associated with fried rice

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diarrheal type

Associated with meat dishes and sauces

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preformed emetic toxin

what is ingested in emetic type of food poisoning

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spores

what is ingested in diarrheal type of food poisoning

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B. cereus

bacillus with swarming motility

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Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Kleb-Loeffler's bacillus

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C. diphtheriae

Chinese letter/picket fence

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black colonies

C. diphtheriae in tinsdale media

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Metachromatic granules

isolated C. diphtheriae in Loeffler's media

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C. diphtheriae

Loeffler serum agar (+) poached egg colonies

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Schick's test

skin test for C. diphtheriae

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C. diphtheriae

Elek's and Schick's test are for?

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C. pseudodiphtheriticum

C. ulcerans

C. pseudotuberculosis

Non lipophilic coryneform bacteria

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C. jeikeium

C. urealyticum

Lipophilic coryneform bacteria

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C. pseudodiphtheriticum

hoffman's bacillus

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Listeria monocytogenes

tumbling motility

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L. monocytogenes

salicin (+)

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L. monocytogenes

CAMP test POSITIVE that causes SHOVEL-LIKE HEMOLYSIS

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L. monocytogenes

Anton's test is for?

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Corynebacteria

salicin (-)

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L. monocytogenes

granulomatosis infantiseptica

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Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae

causes erysipeloid (seal finger, whale finger), "Fish handler's disease"; microaerophilic; produces H2S

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NAC

2-4% NaOH

digestants for digestion and concentration of sputum

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Lowenstein-Jensen agar

Mycobacterium culture media that contains egg glycerol and is good for niacin test

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Middlebrook 7H10 and 7H11

Clear mycobacterium agar that is good for antimicrobial susceptibility test

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glycerol

common component of culture medias for mycobacterium that enhances the human strain of M. tuberculosis

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Niacin test

best test for M. tuberculosis (+)

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Runyon group II and III

enzymatic hydrolysis of Tween 80

- positive in 5 days

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M. tubercuosis

enzymatic hydrolysis of Tween 80

- positive in 10-20 days

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M. tuberculosis +

M. bovis -

Mycobacterium - NITRATE REDUCTION

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M/ tuberculosis

M. bovis

ALL mycobacterium are catalase positive except (2)

-- negative after incubation at 69C for 30 mins

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M. fortuitum

mycobacterium positive growth in MacConkey agar

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arylsulfatase test

Test for Rapid growers of Mycbacteria

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M. tuberculosis

Rough & buff, cauiflower like serpentine cording on culture

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moist heat

boiling for 10 mins

Pasteurization

Steam under pressure

M. tuberculosis is easily killed by (4)

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M. ulcerans

buruli ulcers in africa

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M. marinum

M asiaticum

M. simiae

M. kansasii

Photochromogens

- pigment produced in light only

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M. scrofulaceum

M. szulgai

M. gordonae

M. flavescens

Scotocromogens II

pigment produced in dark as well as in light

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M. avium-intracellulare

M. malmoense

M. haemophilum

M. terrae-trivale

M. xenopi

Non photochromogens III

pigment absent

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M. phlei

M. smegmatis

M. fortuitum-chelonae complex

Rapid growers (2-7 days)

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M. avium complex

Most common pathogen causing disseminated infections in AIDS patients

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M. leprae

Hansen's disease (leprosy)

- obligate intracellular organism

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lepra cell

macrophage containing acid fast bacilli