Physics internal (atomic)

half-life

is the time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay

Beta particles occurs by?

occurs when a neutron splits into a proton and electron (proton stays in nucleus, electron is emitted)

Alpha particles are from?

is a He2+ nucleas

Alpha particles energy

lowest energy and a slow speed ( think is tired from stealing all the girls)

Alpha particles charge/numbers

atomic number= 2 , mass=4

alpha rays momentum

very slow and easy to stop ( piece of paper will stop)

alpha rays ionizing

very high ionizing as is an unstable ion. goes around looking for electrons to steal from other atoms to become happy (while making them unstable = chain reaction)

alpha rays size

the heaviest and biggest out of the three

alpha rays Rutherford experiment

half/small diffraction and change in direction

Rutherford alpha explanation

change in direction as the alpha particle got close enough to positive nucleas of gold lead to experience a small repulsion force to change the particles direction

beta rays Rutherford experiment direction

refracts the most, almost full 180

Rutherfords beta rays explanation

full change of direction as particle lines directly up with positive leaf nuclei to experience a strong repulsive force to reject and change the particles direction

beta rays charge/numbers

has a atomic number of -1 and a mass of 0

beta rays ionizing

not as ionizing as alpha but more than gamma

beta rays momentum

stopped by few mils of aluminum

Gamma rays charge/numbers

no charge and no atomic numbers/mass

gamma rays experiment direction

straight through

gamma rays experiment explanation

must have lots of empty space and a very small dense nucleas

gamma rays ionizing

very low ionizing, has no charge so has no need to steal electrons etc

gamma rays energy

HIGH energy, most out of all

gamma rays momentum

very hard to stop, only thick lead will stop it

what are gamma rays?

waves of high energy

gamma rays speed

FASTEST (most energy so fastest)

speed and energy

coincide with each other

ionizing and energy

are opposites ( high ionizing = low energy, low ionising= high energy etc)