Germination and Factors Affecting Growth of Seed-bearing Plants

Flashcards covering key concepts from lecture notes on plant germination, meristems, tropisms, and the role of plant hormones.

What are the key concepts related to germination and factors affecting the growth of seed-bearing plants?

Key concepts include types of seed germination, types of meristems, tropism in plants, and the role of hormones in plants.

What are the common types of seed germination?

The common types of seed germination are epigeal germination and hypogeal germination.

What are the three main types of meristems found in plants?

The three main types of meristems are apical, lateral, and intercalary meristems.

Where are apical meristems located and what is their primary function?

Apical meristems are found at the tips of shoots and roots, responsible for primary growth (increase in length).

What is the function of lateral meristems and where are they typically found?

Lateral meristems are responsible for secondary growth (increase in girth), found in the vascular cambium and cork cambium of woody plants.

Where are intercalary meristems located and what type of growth do they facilitate?

Intercalary meristems are found at the base of internodes and leaf blades, allowing for rapid elongation and regrowth, especially in grasses.

What is tropism in plants?

Tropism is a growth response of a plant towards or away from an environmental stimulus.

When is a tropism considered positive and when is it negative?

Tropism is positive if the plant grows towards the stimulus, and negative if it grows away from the stimulus.

What is hydrotropism?

Hydrotropism is the growth of a plant in response to water.

What is phototropism?

Phototropism is the growth of a plant in response to light.

What is thigmotropism?

Thigmotropism is the growth of a plant in response to touch or physical contact.

What is geotropism (also known as gravitropism)?

Geotropism is the growth of a plant in response to gravity.

What is thermotropism?

Thermotropism is the growth of a plant in response to temperature.

What is chemotropism?

Chemotropism is the growth of a plant in response to chemical stimuli.

What is one primary role of Auxin in plants?

Auxin promotes cell elongation, apical dominance, and root development.

What is one primary role of Gibberellin in plants?

Gibberellin promotes stem elongation, seed germination, and fruit development.

What is one primary role of Cytokinin in plants?

Cytokinin promotes cell division, differentiation, and delays senescence.

What is one primary role of Abscisic acid (ABA) in plants?

Abscisic acid inhibits growth, promotes dormancy, and helps plants respond to stress.

What is one primary role of Ethylene in plants?

Ethylene promotes fruit ripening and leaf abscission (shedding).