Chapter 1: Describing Data with Graphs Flashcards

Comprehensive fill-in-the-blank practice flashcards covering vocabulary, variable types, and graphical data descriptions from the Chapter 1 lecture transcript.

__________ is the branch of statistics concerned with describing sets of measurements, both samples and populations.

Descriptive Statistics

The set of all measurements of interest to the investigator is called the __________.

Population

A subset of measurements selected from the population of interest is known as a __________.

Sample

The individual or object on which a variable is measured is the __________.

Experimental Unit

A __________ is a characteristic that changes or varies over time or for different individuals under consideration.

Variable

Data resulting from measuring two variables on a single experimental unit is called __________ data.

Bivariate

Variables that measure a numerical quantity or amount on each experimental unit are __________ variables.

Quantitative

Variables that produce data separated into categories based on qualities or characteristics are __________ variables.

Qualitative

Quantitative variables that assume only a finite or countable number of values are classified as __________.

Discrete

A __________ variable can assume infinitely many values corresponding to the points on a line interval.

Continuous

The __________ of a category is the proportion of measurements in that category, calculated by dividing the frequency by the total number of measurements $n$.

Relative Frequency

In a relative frequency distribution, the sum of the percentages for all categories must always be __________.

$$100\%$$

To determine the angle of a sector in a pie chart, you multiply the relative frequency by __________.

$$360^{\circ}$$

When a quantitative variable is recorded over time at equally spaced intervals, the data set forms a __________.

Time Series

In a stem and leaf plot, the __________ is the portion of the measurement to the right of the vertical line.

Leaf

A distribution where the left and right sides are mirror images when divided at the middle value is called a __________ distribution.

Symmetric

If a distribution has a long 'right tail' with a greater proportion of measurements to the right of the peak, it is __________.

Skewed to the right

A distribution with two peaks is referred to as __________.

Bimodal

Measurements that are much bigger or smaller than all other values in a data set are called __________.

Outliers

A __________ is a bar graph for quantitative data where the height of the bar shows how often measurements fall into a particular subinterval.

Relative Frequency Histogram

The numbers that create the upper and lower limits of a subinterval in a histogram are called __________.

Class Boundaries

To find the approximate class width for a histogram, divide the difference between the largest and smallest values by the __________.

Number of Classes