healthy eating
balanced meals, portion control
physical activity
60 minutes daily, 150 minute moderate-to-vigorous or 75 minute vigorous weekly
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healthy eating
balanced meals, portion control
physical activity
60 minutes daily, 150 minute moderate-to-vigorous or 75 minute vigorous weekly
Sleep
5-7 hours for men, 7-9 hours for women
hygiene
handwashing, dental care, cleanliness
Stress management
mindfulness, healthy coping skills, mental strategies
7 step of putting into practice
clean up thinking, prioritize, find base line, starting goal/ short term goal, adjust (either up or down), “cruise control”/consistency, growth
congenital
the individual is born with the disability, and usually worsen with age
acquire
the individual acquires the disability due to an accident, injury, and/or condition
4 different types of disabilities
physical, sensory, intellectual, and invisible
plant based diets
primarily emphasizes foods derived from plants, such as fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds, while minimizing or excluding animal products
vegan
avoids all animal products, including meat, dairy, eggs, and even honey
vegetarian
excludes meat but may include dairy, eggs, and honey
lacto-vegetarian
can have dairy, but no eggs
ovo-vegetarian
can have eggs, but no dairy
lacto-ovo-vegetarian
can have both dairy and eggs
flexitarian
primarily plant-based but occasionally includes meat or fish
environmental
lower water usage, decreased soil degradation, reduced impact on marine life
ethical
animal welfare and rights, global food justice and equity, ethical use of water and land
positive
entertainment and relaxation, social awareness and activism, positive social connections
negative
mental health issues, addiction and time wasting, cyber bullying and harassment
mental wellness
Set time limits, no phone zones, alternative activities, monitor screen time
sarcopenia
loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function with age
osteopenia/ osteoporosis
decreased in bone mineral density (BMD), leading to wearing away of bone
BMR decline
rate at which the body burns calories at rest
processing
cognitive processing speed refers to the brain’s ability to process information quickly
memory
brains ability to temporarily hold and manipulate information
executive function
higher-level cognitive processes that involve planning, problem-solving, and decision-making
less neurons
transmit information throughout the nervous system
less myelin
fatty substance insulates nerve fibers and speeds up signal transmission
slower reflexes
involuntary responses to external stimuli controlled by the nervous system
dementia
decline in cognitive abilities interferes with daily life (memory loss)
Parkinson’s disease
progressive neurological disorder that primary affects movement
bullying
teach respect only, build strong relationships, create clear rules, promote open communication, encourage bystanders to act, model good behavior
safety basics
builds trust, saves resources, creates better environment, shows respect,
Cerebral Palsy
affected: prenatal causes (before pregnancy), perinatal cause (during pregnancy), or postnatal cause (after birth)
Challenges: lack of muscle coordination when performing voluntary movements (ataxia)
Amputation/amputee
affected: traumatic (accident or injury) or surgical (blood vessel disease, cancer, infection, excessive tissue damage, dysfunction, pain, etc)
Challenges: heart problems (heart attack), slow wound healing, phenomena, and stump problems/infections
Visual impairment
affected: refractive errors, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration
Challenges: difficulty performing routine tasks, social exclusion, and safety issues
autism spectrum disorder
affected: developmental, genetic, and environmental factors
Challenges: limited eye contact, sensory sensitivities, repeated motions (rocking or spinning), poor social interaction/communication difficulties, anxiety, inability to understand and express emotions
Fetal alcohol syndrome
affected: when a person is exposed to alcohol before birth
Challenges: poor motor skills and hand-eye coordination
Down syndrome
affected: an error in cell division called nondisjunction (more common in older female pregnancies)
Challenges: attention span, verbal memory, and expressive communication
Traumatic brain injury
affected: trauma/violent blow to the head
Challenges: mood changes or mood swings, feeling depressed or anxious, and difficulty sleeping or sleeping more than usual
Learning impairments
affected: a problem in how the brain is strutted or in how the chemicals in the brain work
Challenges: delayed speech, difficulty focusing, trouble following directions, difficulty reading/writing, math processing problems, etc.
Name the joints
Hinge joints(knee and ankle), ball-and-socket(shoulder and hip), gliding joints(tarsals of the feet), pivot joints(radius and ulna), saddle joints(thumb joint)
Muscles
taper to become tendons, attaching via tendon to bones and cartilage, they produce movement
Long bones
found in the limbs, act as levers for support and locomotion
Short bones
for strength and compactness
Flat bones
protective function or provide broad surfaces for muscular attachments
ligaments
bands of tough elastic tissue around your joints. They connect and give your joints support, and limit their movement
Tendons
let us move our limbs, help prevent muscle injury by absorbing some of the impact