CCHS Rocks and Minerals Brown

studied byStudied by 222 people
4.7(3)
Get a hint
Hint

Basalt

1 / 47

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Geology

48 Terms

1

Basalt

A dark, dense, igneous rock with a fine texture, found in oceanic crust

New cards
2

brittle

Easily broken; not flexible

New cards
3

continental crust

The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains granite, is less dense than oceanic crust, and is ~40 km thick

New cards
4

core

The deepest layer of the earth below the mantle

New cards
5

Crust

thin outer layer that is solid and brittle

New cards
6

ductile

capable of being shaped, bent, or deformed

New cards
7

Granite

A usually light colored igneous rock that is found in continental crust

New cards
8

inner core

A dense sphere of solid iron and nickel at the center of Earth

New cards
9

Mantle

The layer of solid material that behaves like a plastic and is located between Earth's crust and core.

New cards
10

oceanic crust

The portion of the earth's crust that primarily contains basalt, is more dense than continental crust, and is ~7 km thick

New cards
11

outer core

the liquid layer of the Earth's core that lies beneath the mantle and surrounds the inner core

New cards
12

Peridotite

Dense, dark igneous rock that makes up the mantle.

New cards
13

Carbonate

minerals containing the carbonate compound CO3

New cards
14

Cleavage

the tendency of a mineral to break along flat surfaces

New cards
15

Color

Mineral property that is easy to use, but can be misleading.

New cards
16

Compound

A substance made up of atoms of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds

New cards
17

Element

A pure substance made of only one kind of atom

New cards
18

fracture

The way a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way

New cards
19

Hardness

A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched

New cards
20

Impurity

elements that occur in a low concentration in a mineral that can change the color of the mineral

New cards
21

Inorganic

Not formed from living things or the remains of living things

New cards
22

Luster

The way a mineral reflects light from its surface

New cards
23

mineral

a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and a definite chemical composition

New cards
24

Mohs hardness scale

the standard scale against which the hardness of minerals is rated

New cards
25

native elements

Minerals made of a single element

New cards
26

Oxide

minerals that are made up of oxygen and a metal

New cards
27

oxygen

the most common element found in earth's crust

New cards
28

precipitation

Minerals that formed from water with dissolved atoms/ions in it

New cards
29

Silicate

minerals that contain silicon and oxygen

New cards
30

silicon

the 2nd most common element found in earth's crust

New cards
31

Streak

The color of a mineral in powdered form

New cards
32

Sulfide

minerals that are made up of sulfur and a metal

New cards
33

Bedding Planes

the surface that separates each successive layer of a stratified rock from its preceding layer and is found only in sedimentary rocks

New cards
34

burial

layers of sediment that are piled one upon another

New cards
35

Cementation

The process in which minerals precipitate into pore spaces between sediment grains and bind sediments together to form rock.

New cards
36

Compaction

the process by which sediments are pressed together under their own weight

New cards
37

Deposition

the process in which sediment is laid down

New cards
38

Erosion

Processes by which rock, sand, and soil are broken down and carried away

New cards
39

Foliation

The metamorphic rock texture in which mineral grains are arranged in bands.

New cards
40

Igneous

a type of rock that forms from the cooling of molten rock at or below the surface

New cards
41

Lava

Magma that reaches Earth's surface

New cards
42

Magma

Molten rock beneath the earth's surface

New cards
43

Metamorphic

A type of rock that forms from an existing rock that is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reactions.

New cards
44

rock

A naturally occurring solid mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter

New cards
45

Sedimentary

A type of rock that forms when particles from other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together

New cards
46

Sediments

Loose materials such as rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of shell

New cards
47

uplift

the rising of regions of the Earth's crust to higher elevations

New cards
48

Weathering

The breaking down of rocks and other materials on the Earth's surface.

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 10 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 76 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 20 people
... ago
5.0(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 14 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 12 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 4884 people
... ago
4.5(13)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (34)
studied byStudied by 126 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (22)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (70)
studied byStudied by 8 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (38)
studied byStudied by 42 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (174)
studied byStudied by 9 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (93)
studied byStudied by 21 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (121)
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (120)
studied byStudied by 32 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot