04.E BIO, HN Active Transport (PART E)

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14 Terms

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Active Transport (Definition)

The movement of materials from an area of low concentrations to high concentration LOW → HIGH; a carrier transport protein and energy (ATP) are required OR bulk transport where vesicles are formed; includes proton/ion pumps, endocytosis and exocytosis

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Active Transport (Types)

Proton/Ion Pumps
Endocytosis
Exocytosis

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Active Transport (Materials Transported)

Large polar molecules
Some Ions (H+, Na+, K+, Ca+2)
Hormones
Enzymes/Proteins
Food/Wastes

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Carrier Protein

A type of transport protein that spans the membrane, contains 2 active sites, a recognition site and an ATP binding site

<p>A type of transport protein that spans the membrane, contains 2 active sites, a recognition site and an ATP binding site</p>
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Ion pump

A carrier protein that uses cellular energy to "pump" ions such as H+, Na+, K+, Ca+2 across the membrane

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Proton Pump

A specific type of ion pump that uses cellular energy to "pump" hydrogen ions (H+) against concentration gradient (from low to high concentration)

<p>A specific type of ion pump that uses cellular energy to "pump" hydrogen ions (H+) against concentration gradient (from low to high concentration)</p>
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Sodium-Potassium Pump

A carrier protein that actively transports sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) against their concentration gradients; ATP is required to change the shape of the carrier protein; three Na+ are pumped out of the cell and two K+ are pumped into the cell

<p>A carrier protein that actively transports sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) against their concentration gradients; ATP is required to change the shape of the carrier protein; three Na+ are pumped out of the cell and two K+ are pumped into the cell</p>
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Endocytosis (Definition)

Bulk transport of materials INTO the cell through the formation of a vesicle; energy is required (ATP); includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis

<p>Bulk transport of materials INTO the cell through the formation of a vesicle; energy is required (ATP); includes phagocytosis and pinocytosis</p>
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Endocytosis (Types)

Types include:
- Pinocytosis - "drinking"
- Phagocytosis - "eating"

<p>Types include:<br>- Pinocytosis - "drinking"<br>- Phagocytosis - "eating"</p>
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Endocytosis (Materials Transported)

Responsible for the transport of large proteins or microorganisms; i.e. amoeba engulfing paramecium, WBC destroying bacteria

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Phagocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which SOLID materials are engulfed and brought into the cell

<p>A type of endocytosis in which SOLID materials are engulfed and brought into the cell</p>
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Pinocytosis

A type of endocytosis in which LIQUID materials are engulfed and brought into the cell

<p>A type of endocytosis in which LIQUID materials are engulfed and brought into the cell</p>
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Exocytosis (Definition)

Bulk transport of materials OUT of cell through the formation of a vesicle; energy is required (ATP)

<p>Bulk transport of materials OUT of cell through the formation of a vesicle; energy is required (ATP)</p>
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Exocytosis (Materials Transported)

Responsible for the transport of:
- Large molecules
- Enzymes/proteins
- Hormones (proteins or lipids)
- Wastes