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Urban areas
Areas characterised by extensive infrastructure & majority not working in agriculture
Urbanisation
The process by which an increasing proportion of a country’s population lives in towns and cities
Global patterns in urbanisation
% living in urban areas: 30% (1950) > 59% (present) > 66% (2050)
90% concentrated in Africa/Asia
Most urbanised: North America
China/India/Nigeria: 37% of projected growth of world urban population
Consequences of urbanisation/urban growth
Urban sprawl
Shortage of (affordable) housing in LICs
Lack of urban services e.g. waste disposal
Un(der)employment
Transport issues
Suburbanisation
Movement of people from inner to outer urban areas, relies on transport
Urban Resurgence
The movement of people and investment back into urban areas that previously experienced decline
Montreal: Urban Resurgence
Ubisoft: computer-animation firm with 2,700 employees
Resurgence > PME but gentrification
Factors leading to urban growth
Economic:
Cost of land
Structural job changes
New employment opportunities
Industrialisation
Economic development
Affordable housing
Opportunities for housing investment
Potential for earning money in the informal sector
Globalisation
