SOCL 2001 Final LSU

· Scott notices that the women in his office tend to contribute fewer ideas than men do during meetings. He concludes that this is because women lack innovation. This is an example of a good generalization.

False

· What is the duality of sociology

Individuals both influence and are influenced by society

which question could best be answered through a sociological study?

What social inequalities are created by environmental racism?

why is it important for voting citizens to understand the principles of sociology?

If they have a better understanding of how society works, they will make better decisions

Which challenges do sociologists help us to better understand address?

sexism, environmental racism, economic inequality

which of the following is an example of a stereotype?

all Catholics come from very large families

The first large-scale, empirical sociological research in the united states was conducted by w.e.b. du bois and its objective was to

refute racist beliefs about african americans

what is one of the benefits of a sociological perspective

learning how to work more effectively with members of different cultures.

which question is most directly related to social order and cohesion?

How do different parts of society work together?

theoretical perspectives help to determine the questions we ask about social patterns we observe

true

individuals do not influence the society in which they live, but they are influenced by society

false

paulo is a full-time student who is struggling to pay for his classes. which action could he take that would demonstrate a strong sociological imagination?

lobby the government to decrease education costs for everyone.

sociological skills are most important for social workers and arent as benefical in other careers

false

kara works on a team at a marketing firm. during meetings, she notices that men tend to interrupt women more than women interrupt men. Kara determines this behavior to be a form of gender bias. Kara's perception in this situation exemplifies the sociological eye.

true

which statement is true about the sociological eye

it enables people to see what others may not notice

the sociological imagination was orignally developed to

describe how individual lives relate to social forces

Marx theorized that all citizens would be equal and able to fulfill their species being under socialism

false

which situations represent the structural functionalist concept of a manifest function

the education system teaches and socialized children, governments create laws and public policy, the health care industry addresses medical needs

matt is a sociologist studying how various members of a small company work together and communicate with each other. He is most likely applying which theoretical perspective to his study?

The symbolic interactionist perspective

In Karl Marx's advanced capitalism stage, a person who works in a textile factor would be considered a member of the

proletariat

Which statements best reflects the view of a conflict theorist?

The "haves" oppress the "have nots" in order to maintain their elevated status, resources and rewards are unevenly distributed among the various groups in society

conflict theorists study how power differentials arise between the haves and have-nots in society

true

symbolic interactionism is considered to be a micro-theoretical perspective because it allows sociologists to see the big picture

false

which is the reason that individuals work to promote society's interests instead of their own?

social solidarity

Before a job interview, you prepare by practicing several responses to questions typically asked during interviews. Erving Goffman would point out that you are a social actor performing

back stage

what is the primary difference between a micro and a macro level of analysis

a micro level of analysis focuses on an individual or small groups, while a macro level of analysis focuses on the larger societal forces at play

which statement best describes the structural functionalist perspective?

the parts of society are interdependent and work together for the good of the whole

which term best describes how socially constructed culture becomes learned and internalized

socialization

According to emile durkheim, smaller, preindustrial industrial societies operated with _______ solidarity, because most people did similar types of labor and had similar beliefs.

mechanical

________ are groups of theories that have much in common

theoretical perspectives

According to Marx, why did the working proletariat choose not to fight against capitalism

they lived in a state of false consciousness, they labored in alienation separated from their creations

what is one drawback of the conflict perspective?

it overlooks times of societal harmony

A theory can be tested and supported with data many times but still be referred to as a theory

true

stacey is conducting a sociological research project for a local nonprofit organization. since her project focuses on how social patterns have changed in the past century, stacey decides she cannot collect data through interviews. How will stacey get the information she needs through sociological inquiry?

content analysis

which of these would be considered a normative statement?

people should limit how often they use smartphones

why is asking questions the most common form of data collection in the field of sociology?

it gives the best insight into how people think and experience the world

which hypothetical situations would be an example of applied research?

a scientist does research to produce a vaccine to combat a recent viral outbreak, an analyst studies consumer data to determine a target market for a product

which activity/activites will most certainly result in biased research?

relying on volunteers that are different in some way than those who wouldn't volunteer, asking leading questions to guide participants toward a certain answer

steve is trying to gather data on what the students at his high school think about the quality of the lunch provided by the cafeteria. He wont be able to get every student's feedback, so he will gather responses from a sample. In this situation, what is the study's population

all of the students at Steve's high school

what type of research produces results that are directed at gaining fundamental knowledge about an issue?

basic

Trini emailed surveys to a sample of students at her school to gain insight into the average student's studying habits. The sample includes all the girls from her dormitory and a few acquaintances from class. Trini's sample is considered generalizable.

false

which question best indicates whether a certain research project is reliable?

Are the results of the research consistent?

Tomas is planning to research how members of different political affiliations develop their beliefs. to gain an in-depth understanding of individuals' thought processes, which form of question asking would you recommend tomas use?

interviews

which tool is the most applicable to quantitave data analysis?

statistical software

sharleen is conducting research on drug abuse among upper-class, suburban individuals. currently she is reading past studies to determine which areas of the issue have yet to be explored. on which step of the scientific process is sharleen

Literature review

which phrase best describes the process of sampling

selecting respondents for inclusion in a study

which description best exemplifies the process of qualitative coding in data analysis

a researcher labels sections of text and imags and classifies them into categories

adelaide is working on a team studying how people's reactions to songs change over time. if adelaides task is to study how multiple observers react to the same song, what research aspect is she studying?

reliability

which of the following elements is considered material culture?

artifacts

which type of group lacks the stability of place and time?

hunter-gatherers

which statement best characterizes the concept of cultural relativism

cultures cannot be ranked as better or worse than others

riley, who is from colorado, likes to play soccer. she takes special interest when learning about a soccer program for kids in africa, and when on a family trip in england, that kids there typically like soccer. what is this an example of

cultural universal

which action is violating a folkway

interrupting someone

in a public school, the teachers could be considered a

subculture

Lena is at a party where she doesn't know many people. through her observations, she is able to figure out which people are friends and who is dating whom. she uses this information in her conversations with some of the people at the party. this situations exemplifies lena's

social intelligence

serafina is a political elite in an agrarian culture, and as such, has the resources to support and enjoy the arts while most other members of the culture focus on growing food. serafina can be considered a member of the popular culture

false

role engulfment is reflected in which of the following situations?

Jolandis cant find a date who will overlook his status as a drug distributor, carlie's criminal background is preventing her from finding a job.

which of these is an example of a formerly deviant behavior now considered normative?

non-married couples cohabitating

imagine that a rumor begins circulating in your community that a gang called The Raptors has formed and is shoplifting across town. you and everyone else you talk to heard about the issue from a man named Caleb, who owns several shops that have been vandalized. After several months of police investigaition, it becomes known that each bugulary was committed by separate criminals. in this scenario, which of the following roles is caleb playing?

rule creator

Cheryl believes that smoking marijuana is an inherently deviant behavior even though it is becoming socially accepted and legal in some states. Cheryl possesses a relativist perspective on deviant behavior

false

Durkheim held that deviant behavior is dysfunctional

false

suppose someone justified throwing a cigarette butt on the ground by saying "everyone does it" which approach to defining deviance does this demonstrate?

statistical

according to durkheim, the main function of punishment is to

assert our shared values

bryant is unable to stop stealing from convenience stores, so he has been diagnosed with kleptomania and is seeing a therapist. in the past, bryant would have simply been jailed. what does this exemplify?

medicalization of deviance

How was durkheim able to conclude that characteristics of society matter for deviance, including suicide?

He saw some countries had consistently high rates of suicide while others' were consistently low

what statements would describe a society in a state of anomie?

The streets are in chaos as citizens riot against police, people look the other way as stores are looted.

what two steps are required in order to create a public morality?

generating awareness and moral conversion

Amber believes that people should not be allowed to smoke cigarettes. she spends her free time passing out anti-smoking pamphlets and educating the public about lung cancer in an effort to change norms to align to her own world view. Amber could be described as a moral entrepreneur.

true

People who hop over turnstylesf to avoid paying fare are regularly punished by the police. Some believe this rule is upheld by the wealthy to oppress the poor, a view that aligns with the _____perspective

critical

Troy was convicted of assaulting a peer at a party and claims the act was accidental and caused by alcohol being involved. Which technique of neutralization did Troy use?

denial of responibility

deviance has been considered to be a socially learned behavior throughout all of history

false

Calloway asked the judge to consider his reason for robbing the grocery store: to feed his children. Which tecnhique of neutralization did calloway attempt?

appeal to higher loyalties.

Talia thinks society works best when men play the role of the breadwinner while women play the role of the caretaker. With which perspective on gender does talia's view most closely align?

structural functionalist

gender socialization is a process that ends once children hit puberty.

false

men are much more likely to be newscasters than women. this sends the subliminal message that

men are knowledgeable leaders to whom we should listen.

When Hale gives birth, the doctor held the infant in the air and declared "it's a boy!" The doctor announced the infant's gender

false

A person who views gender from a structural functionalist perspective is most likely to agree with which statement?

Men and women play different, but complementary roles

which statement best explains why the unofficial barrier women and minorities face when trying to advance to upper levels of a corporation is referred to as a "glass ceiling"?

The ceiling is invisible and not openly acknowledged in the working world.

Based on the results of a study on gender bias in STEM, we can conclude men tend to favor male applicants over female applicants, while women tend to favor applicants equally regardless of gender

false

which categories indicate sexuality?

bisexual, lesbian

Max's parents ask him what he wants for Hanukkah. He replies that he wants "only cool toys, like monster trucks and action figures." Which of the following does Max's response most greatly exemplify?

Gender scripts

The perspective that provides us with the most inclusive and overall view of how gender operates in our lives is called

gender as social structure

a newborn who has ambiguous genitalia and cannot be clearly identified as biologically male or female is referred to as

intersex

Which perspective focuses on how people wear clothing and behave in ways that they feel are appropriate for their "chosen" gender?

symbolic interactionism

Corinne notices that girls tend to be given dolls, while boys tend to be given model cars. She concludes that toys are used to socially construct gender identity. This demonstrates the conflict perspective.

False

Which statements about gender and hookup culture are TRUE

men tend to gain in social status through hookups, women who engage in casual sex are viewed more negatively than men

Which statements about how parents interact with their children based upon gender are TRUE?

Parents are most likely to welcome gender nonconformity from their girls than their boys, Parents interact with sons more aggressive and physical styles of play than they do wit daughters.

people who identify with a gender other than the one assigned to them at birth are

transgender

Durkheim argued that the presence of external inequality-like racial discrimination-in an industrial society serves an important function

false

Which statement best describes the relationship between prejudice and discrimination

Prejudice is irrational feelings toward groups and discrimination is unfair treatment of groups

Which characteristics tend to relate to negative views toward muslim immigrants

lower education levels, christian identity, lack of interaction with Muslims

Declan was born and raised in Scotland, and he believes that scottish culture is better than all other cultures around the world. This is an example of

ethnocentrism

The "one-drop rule" indicates that, through the US history, racial labels were never determined by one's heritage

false.

Which statement most accurately describes the difference between race and ethnicity?

Race is socially constructed, while ethnicity refers to shared cultural heritage

RJ attends a school where most students are people of color. Since funding for the school relies on local taxes, and most people living in the community are of low socioeconomic status, RJ's school receives less funding than schools in predominantly white communities. This best exemplifies

institutional discrimination

Which are considered a pull factor driving immigration

Job opportuinites in the second country, access to safe housing in the second country.

Which statements about racial disparities in the criminal justice system are true?

Black people are more likely than members of other races to be removed from a jury, black people are more likely than white people to face arrests for drug charges.

Vaishnavi is an Indian American student who shares the same language, nation of origin, and religion as her Indian American peers. This best refers to Vaishnavi's

ethnicity.

which social condition explains why women have higher rates of morbidity than men?

Women assume the role of the caregiver more often than men

What provisions are included under the Affordable Care Act (ACA)

Insurance companies must cover individuals no matter the cost of their health care needs, young adults can remain on their parents' insurance plan until they are 26 years old, Preventative health services must be provided to patients for free