biol454 cd4 t cell function

how are naive T cells actiavted?

1. antigen recognition

2. clonal expansion

which T helper cell…

activates macrophages and CD8 T cells to kill intracellular pathogens?

TH1

which T helper cell…

activates eosinophils to eliminate helminths and B cells to produce IgE and activates macrophages for wound repair?

TH-2

which T helper cell…

promotes neutrophil development which helps eliminate extracellular fungal and bacterial pathogens

TH17

which T helper cell…

suppresses T cell responses

T regulatory cells

which T helper cell…

activates B cells to make antibodies

T follicular cells

how can protection to listeria infection be adoptively transferred?

transferring effector T cells from an infected mouse to a naive mouse

T helper cell polarization to Th1 can be initiated by what pathogens?

intracellular bacteria and viruses

what two transcription factors lead to TH1 polarization in T cells?

T-bet and STAT4

how is STAT4 induced?

• infection by intracellular bacteria and viruses

• IL-12 production activates STAT4

how is T-bet induced?

IFNy

what two molecules from macrophages damage intracellular pathogens inside the macrophage?

nitric oxide and superoxide

what transcription factor is responsible for…

• classical activation (M1)

• increases protein expression associated with antigen presention

• B cell activation

IFNy

• TH cells increase expression of CD40L

what does CD40L do?

• binds CD40

• activates NFkB to APC

what two pathways lead to..

• secretion of cytokines

• killing of phagocytosed bacteria

• increased expression of MHC and costimulators

in macrophages?

IFNy-STAT and NF-kB

factors

• IL-4

• STAT6

• GATA3

are involved into the differentiation of what T helper cell?

TH2

how is STAT6 induced?

IL-4

how is GATA-3 induced?

TCR stimulation enhancing Th2 cytokine gene transcription

which IL is responsible for…

• alternative activation of macrophages (fibrosis and wound repair)

• B cell production of IGE

• intestinal peristalsis and mucus secretion

IL-4

what macrophage is this?

• microbicidal actions

  • phagocytosis

  • killing of bacteria and fungi

• inflammation

clasically activated macrophage m1

what macrophage is this?

• anti-inflammatory effects

• wound repair, fibrosis

alternatively activated macrophage M2

how does TH2 activate B cells?

• antigen recognition induces expression of cd40 and cytokines by th2

• production of IL-4

• B cell proliferation

TH2 secretion does what to B cells?

class switch to make IgE

which cell…

• present in skin, mucosal epithelium, and lining of the blood vessels

• has granules with cytokines and histamines

• express receptors for IgE

mast cells

which cell…

• carry IgE-FC receptors

• involved in helminth destruction

• have secretory

eosinophils

eosinophils release their granules when activated by…

IL-5 and IgE-FC receptor

which t cell is differentiated by…

• STAT3

• RORyt

• IL17

Th17

how is STAT3 induced?

IL-6 and IL-23

how is RORyt induced?

TGF-b

which IL…

• likely evolved to combat pathogens not covered by Th1 (intracellular) or Th2 (helminth)

• if deficient, leads to high susceptibility to extracellular bacterial and fungal pathogens

• main function is to induce neutrophil production in bone marrow

• recruit neutrophils to site of infection

IL-17