Brief History & Foundations of A.I.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

FOUNDATIONS OF AI

The simulation of human intelligence by machines, allowing them to learn, reason, solve problems, and make decisions.

3 main characteristics of AI

• Autonomy

• Adaptability

• Reasoning (Inference)

Autonomy in AI

The ability of an AI system to perform tasks with little or no human intervention.

Adaptability

The ability of AI to learn from experience and improve over time.

Reasoning (Interference)

The ability of AI to analyze information and make logical decisions.

Artificial Intelligence

AI vs Machine Learning vs Deep Learning vs Data Science

The broad field of creating machines that can perform tasks requiring human intelligence.

Machine Learning

A subset of AI that enables computers to learn from data without being explicitly programmed.

Deep Learning

A subset of Machine Learning that uses artificial neural networks to learn complex patterns.

Data Science

The field of collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data to gain insights.

Artificial Intelligence

Broadest field

Machine Learning

Deep learning - a subset for:

Artificial Intelligence

Machine Learning - a subset for:

Narrow AI

AI designed to perform one specific task.

3 Examples of Narrow AI

• Siri

• Google Translate

• Netflix recommendations

General AI

AI that can perform any intellectual task a human can do.

General AI

AI that doesn’t exist today

Narrow AI

AI that exists today

Alan Turing

• Father of Comsci

• Created the Enigma

• Proposed Turing Test

Turing Test

A test that determines whether a machine can imitate human conversation well enough that a person cannot reliably tell it apart from a human.

1956

Term "Artificial Intelligence" was introduced

John McCarthy

Coined the term "Artificial Intelligence"

1950

The beginning of AI research.

AI WInter

AI research slowed because of limited funding and technology.

2010

Deep learning became successful

2020

Rapid growth of Generative AI

AI in healthcare

• Disease diagnosis

• Medical imaging

• Drug discovery

AI in education

• Personalized learning

• Intelligent tutoring systems

AI in transportation

• Self-driving cars

• Traffic prediction

AI in entertainment

• Netflix recommendations

• Spotify recommendations

AI in finance

• Fraud detection

• Credit scoring

Narrow AI

Chatgpt - an example of:

Narrow AI

Siri - an example of:

Narrow AI

Face recognition - an example of:

General AI

Robot that can perform every intellectual task a human can do - an example of:

Narrow AI

Self-driving cars today

Which comes first

Ai —> Machine Learning —> Deep Learning

Data Science

Field focusing on analyzing data

Adaptability

AI characteristic that allows a system to improve with experience

Autonomy

AI characteristic that allows it to work without constant human control

Reasoning (Inference)

AI characteristic that allows it to draw conclusions from data

False

True or False?

General AI already exists

True

True or False?

Machine Learning is part of AI

False

True or False?

Deep Learning is broader than AI

False

True or False?

AI can only be used in robotics

True

True or False?

The Turing Test evaluates whether a machine behaves intelligently in conversation

Narrow AI

What type of AI is this?

Netflix recommends movies based on what you've watched.

Machine Learning

What field is this?

A system learns from thousands of images to recognize cats

Deep Learning

What is this called?

An AI uses neural networks with many layers to recognize faces.

Data Science

What field is this?

A company analyzes customer data to improve sales