unit 2 ap csp vocab test

Internet

A computer network consisting of interconnected networks that use standardized, open communication

Protocol

An agreed-upon set of rules that specify the behavior of a system

Computing Device

A machine that can run a program, including computers, tablets, servers, routers, and smart sensors

Computing Network

A group of interconnected computing devices capable of sending or receiving data

IP Address

The unique number assigned to each device on the Internet

Router

A type of computer that forwards data across a network

Bandwidth

The maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time, usually measured in bits per second

Path

The series of connections between computing devices on a network starting with a sender and ending with a receiver

Routing

The process of finding a path from sender to receiver

Packet

A chunk of data sent over a network. Larger messages are divided into packets that may arrive at the destination in order, out-of-order, or not at all

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)

A protocol for sending packets that does error-checking to ensure all packets are received and properly ordered

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

Redundancy

The inclusion of extra components so that a system can continue to work even if individual components fail, for example by having more than one path between any two connected devices in a network

Fault Tolerant

Can continue to function even in the event of individual component failures. This is important because elements of complex systems like a computer network fail at unexpected times, often in groups

World Wide Web

A system of linked pages, programs, and files

Scalability

The capacity for the system to change in size and scale to meet new demands; the Internet was designed to be scalable