Classification of Matter

Matter

Classified either a pure substance & mixture:

• Pure substance: element + compound

• Mixture: heterogeneous + homogeneous

Both element and compounds

• Are pure substances

• Made of one type of material and have one set of physical and chemical properties.

  
  

Element

• The simplest substance

• Can be found on the periodic table of elements

• Contain only 1 kind of atom

• Represented by a chemical symbol (1,2 or 3 letters)

• Every element has a unique properties (boiling point, melting point, destiny and reactivity) to identify that elements.

Compound

• Pure substance made up of two or more elements that are chemically combined

• Combine by reacting, or undergoing a chemical change, with one another.

• Represented by chemical formula (H2O) - a combination of the element symbols that make up that compound.

• do not randomly join to form compounds. Compounds are formed when elements join together in a specific ratio. The ratio is always the same for the compound.

Mixtures

• A combination of two or more pure substances that are not chemically combined.

• 2 types of Mixtures:

  • Homogeneous

  • Heterogeneous

Heterogeneous

• "different throughout"

• has large parts that are different from each other

• can see the different parts of a heterogeneous mixture

• Ex: Oil with water

Homogeneous

• "the same throughout."

• It appearance and composition throughout

• cannot see the different parts of a homogeneous mixture

• Ex: Vinegar