Skin Anatomy: Epidermis, Dermis, Hypodermis, and Associated Structures

Flashcards covering epidermal layers, dermal layers, glands, hair structures, and sensory receptors based on the lecture notes.

What are the five epidermal layers in thick skin from superficial to deep?

Stratum corneum, stratum lucidum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale.

Which epidermal layer is unique to thick skin and appears as a clear, thin layer between corneum and granulosum?

Stratum lucidum.

Which epidermal layer contains keratohyalin granules and lies just above the stratum granulosum?

Stratum granulosum.

Which epidermal layer is known as the 'spiny' layer and contains desmosomes?

Stratum spinosum.

Which epidermal layer is the deepest layer of the epidermis and contains basal cells that continually divide?

Stratum basale.

Do epidermal layers have their own blood supply?

No; the epidermis lacks blood vessels and receives nutrients from the underlying dermis.

What is the outermost layer of the skin that is shed?

Stratum corneum.

What are the two main layers of the dermis?

Papillary layer and reticular layer.

Which dermal layer contains dermal papillae and contributes to fingerprints?

Papillary layer.

Which dermal layer is deeper and contains dense irregular connective tissue providing strength?

Reticular layer.

Where are Meissner's corpuscles located?

In the dermal papillae of the papillary layer.

What is the function of Meissner's corpuscles?

Light touch sensation.

Which sweat gland is small, opens directly onto the skin surface, and is the most numerous?

Eccrine sweat glands.

Which sweat gland is larger, associated with hair follicles, and abundant in the armpits?

Apocrine sweat glands.

Which glands secrete sebum into hair follicles?

Sebaceous glands.

What is the small muscle that causes hair to stand up (goosebumps)?

Arrector pili (erector pili) muscles.

What sensory receptor in the deeper dermis detects deep pressure and vibration?

Pacinian corpuscles.

What is the part of a hair that extends above the skin surface?

Hair shaft.

What is the part of the hair that stays within the skin and grows from a follicle?

Hair follicle (root).

What is the layer beneath the dermis called (also known as subcutaneous tissue)?

Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer).