Dement & Kleitman Study Overview

Flashcards covering the key concepts from the Dement & Kleitman study on sleep and dreaming.

What was the aim of the Dement & Kleitman study?

To investigate the relationship between eye movement during sleep (REM) and dreaming, and if the duration of REM sleep correlates with the length of dream recall.

What is the Independent Variable (IV) in the Dement & Kleitman study?

Whether participants were woken during REM or non-REM sleep, and the time they were woken (after 5 or 15 minutes of REM).

What is the Dependent Variable (DV) in the Dement & Kleitman study?

Whether a dream was reported, the estimated dream duration, and the content of the dream.

What type of study design was used in the Dement & Kleitman research?

Laboratory experiment with a repeated measures design.

What was the sample size and sampling method used in the Dement & Kleitman study?

9 adults (7 male, 2 female); volunteer sampling.

How were participants monitored during the Dement & Kleitman study?

Participants slept in a lab with EEG monitoring brain waves and eye movements.

What were participants asked about after being woken in the Dement & Kleitman study?

If they had been dreaming, the duration of the dream, and the content of the dreams.

What was one strength of the Dement & Kleitman study?

Use of objective measures (EEG) and a controlled environment that ensured high internal validity.

What was one weakness of the Dement & Kleitman study?

The results were based on a small, unrepresentative sample and the artificial setting may affect sleep patterns, leading to low ecological validity.

During which sleep phase were more dreams reported in the Dement & Kleitman study?

More dreams were reported during REM sleep than during non-REM sleep.