Pharmacology and Substance Use Disorders

Set of flashcards focusing on pharmacological terms and concepts related to treatment and substance use disorders.

Long Half Life

Indicates a prolonged duration of action in the body, affecting toxicity.

Do Not Stop Abruptly

Stopping medications suddenly can lead to seizures.

Sugar Free Beverages

Drinks containing no sugar, often recommended for managing certain conditions.

Orthostatic Hypotension

Drop in blood pressure when standing up, often related to fluid levels.

Propranolol

A beta blocker used to manage blood pressure and heart rate, often for anxiety.

SIS

Symptoms Intervention Scale: Includes heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, and sweating.

Clonidine

An alpha-adrenergic agonist used for treating anxiety, panic attacks, and hot flashes.

Alcohol Withdrawal

Acute condition treated with benzodiazepines.

Antabuse (Disulfiram)

Medication that requires 10 days of abstinence from alcohol to avoid sickness.

Signed Consent

A formal agreement and understanding between the patient and healthcare provider.

Hidden Sources of Eton

Items containing ethanol that patients should avoid.

Naltrexone (Levia)

Blocks opioid receptors in the brain, used in treating addiction.

Educate Patient

Informing patients not to use opioids.

S/S

Signs and Symptoms: headaches, sedation, and nausea.

Acamprosate (Campral)

Medication that potentiates GABA, requiring 5 days of alcohol abstinence.

SIS Sadness

Symptoms Intervention Scale may include feelings of sadness, fever, and impaired judgment.

Opioids

Includes medications like oxycodone, hydrocodone, heroin, and fentanyl.

Analgesics

Drugs that relieve pain, often with side effects like drowsiness and constipation.

Addictive

Substances or behaviors that can lead to dependency.

Overdose Potential

Risk associated with excessive consumption of drugs.

OD SIS

Overdose Signs and Symptoms: coma, respiratory depression, pinpoint pupils, convulsions.

Naloxone 0.4

Emergency medication to reverse opioid overdose, administered intramuscularly, intravenously, or nasally.

Strong Affinity

A medication's tendency to bind effectively to a receptor.

Mood Stabilizer

Medications used to treat mood disorders, like bipolar disorder.

Lithium

Used for bipolar disorder with a narrow therapeutic index and various side effects.

Narrow Therapeutic Index

Small margin between effective and toxic doses of a medication.

BPD 1

Bipolar Disorder Type 1, characterized by manic episodes.

Maintenance Therapy

Ongoing treatment aimed at stabilizing mood.

Acute Mania Dosing

Higher doses of lithium intended for acute mania treatment.

Cardiotoxic

Substances that may cause damage to the heart.

Seizures

Neurological events that can occur due to certain medications.

Renal Compromise

Impaired kidney function affecting medication clearance.

NSAIDS

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, contraindicated with varying conditions.

Amiloride

A potassium-sparing diuretic that helps maintain sodium levels.

Tremor

Involuntary muscle contractions often noted with medications like propranolol.

Anticonvulsants

Medications used to prevent seizures, some may be hepatotoxic.

Hepatotoxic

Substances that can cause liver damage.

Oral Hygiene

Practices to maintain mouth cleanliness.

Pregnancy Teratogen

A substance that can cause abnormal fetal development.

Depakote

Medication used for mania and maintenance in bipolar disorder.

Pancreatitis

Inflammation of the pancreas, a potential side effect of medications.

Blood Dyscrasias

Abnormal blood conditions that may arise from some medications.

Tegretol

Used for treating mania and mixed episodes in bipolar disorder.

Drug Interactions

Adverse effects that occur when two or more drugs interact.

SJS

Stevens-Johnson syndrome, a serious skin reaction to certain medications.

Lamictal

Used for maintenance therapy in patients over 18.

Organ Taxing

Medications that can put a strain on organs.

Cholinesterase Inhibitor

Donepezil is used for Alzheimer's maintenance as a first-line treatment.

Ach & DA

Acetylcholine and Dopamine, neurotransmitters involved in many functions.

First Line Treatment

The most recommended initial therapy.

Dyspepsia

Indigestion characterized by discomfort in the upper abdomen.

Diarrhea

Frequent loose or liquid bowel movements.

Nausea/Vomiting

Feeling sick and the expulsion of stomach contents.

Dizzy

Light-headedness, often a side effect of medications.

Headache

Pain in the head, often reported as a side effect.

Bronchoconstriction

Narrowing of the air passages in the lungs.

Heart Rate

The number of heartbeats per minute, an important vital sign.

Patient Compliance

The degree to which patients correctly follow medical advice.

Acute Condition

A severe and sudden onset of a health issue.

Prolonged Duration of Action

Describes how long a drug affects the body.

Withdrawal Symptoms

Physical and mental symptoms that occur after stopping drugs.

Withdrawal Management

Supportive care and medications provided during withdrawal.

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

Regular lab testing to ensure drug levels are safe and effective.

Long-term Treatment

Extended duration therapy for chronic conditions.

Preventive Therapy

Treatment aimed at preventing disease or complications.

Dual Diagnosis

Co-occurring mental health and substance use disorders.

Substance Use Disorder

Condition characterized by an individual's inability to manage their use of substances.

Assessment Tools

Methods used to evaluate patient health status.

Informed Consent

Understanding and agreeing to a treatment plan.

Comorbidity

The presence of more than one disorder in the same individual.

Crisis Intervention

Immediate methods to stabilize and support a patient in crisis.

Behavioral Health

Area of healthcare that focuses on mental health and substance use.

Therapeutic Alliance

Collaborative relationship between a patient and their healthcare provider.