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Islam Practices
ibadah
acts of worship; any permissible action performed with the intention to obey God
what does Ibadah tell us about Islam
that it is a complete way of life and worship is a 24/7 reality and religious belief and action should be present in all we do
niyyah
having the right intention to worship God
what does niyyah tell us about worship in Islam
when worshipping Muslims need to be dedicated and focused on Allah regardless of how they feel or if they feel Allah close to them
what are the five pillars (definition)
the five duties that Muslims (Shia and Sunni) must follow
list the five pillars
Shahadah
Salah
Zakah
Sawm
Hajj
how do Sunni’s view the five pillars
specifically set the duties out clearly and see them as pillars holding up the religion
why do Sunni’s hold the five pillars so highly
Sunni’s try to keep all five as it keeps their faith strong, makes them better Muslims and supports the religion fully
what is shahadah definition
the Muslim declaration of faith, which all Muslims know the words and must be wholeheartedly recited to be a Muslim
what is the Shahadah quoted
there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is his messenger
what would Shia’s add to the Shahadah
and Ali is the friend of God
what is the Shia equivalent of five pillars
ten obligatory acts
is the Shahadah one of the ten obligatory acts
no, but Shia’s do say it during prayer
what is another name for the Shahadah
the Kalimah prayer
how does someone convert to Islam
by reciting the Shahadah three times in front of witnesses, read out loud and recited honestly and fully understanding what it means
when do Muslims hear the Shahadah
when someone converts to Islam
said a few times each day
whispered into a baby’s ear at birth so the first words the baby hears
aims to be the last words they say or hear before death
in their daily prayers (salah)
call to prayer in Sunni (adhan)
what does the Shahadah show a Muslim believes
monotheism and that Allah is their one and only God (tawhid)
Muhammad is Allah’s most important messenger
Muhammad has a personal relationship with Allah
this statement is accepted as truth
they are dedicated to Islam and Allah
they will obey all the commitments of Islam and Allah
they will follow Muhammad’s teachings and his teachings come from Allah
why is the Shahadah important
highlights the key beliefs of Islam
shows that a Muslim is truly dedicated to Allah
forms the foundation of the other four pillars
said all the time in a Muslim’s life and is in everything they do
what is Salah
prayer
how many times do Sunni’s pray per day
5
how many times do Shia’s pray per day
3 but two of them combine two prayers together (so still 5 total)
importance of salah
prayer seen as daily communication with Allah and so helps to keep a close bond
encourages self-discipline and keeps Muslims in close contact with Allah, helping them have the strength to remain committed to living a good and purposeful life
reminds Muslims of their purpose in life and their relationship with God
time of reflection
what is Du’a
personal prayer (prayer of individual speaking to God privately) done in addition to salah
quote in Quran that Allah says Salah is commanded
“so exalt Allah with praise of your Lord and be of those who prostrate to Him”
“worship you Lord until there comes to your a certainty (death)”
why do all Muslims across the world pray at the same times each day
is a sign of solidarity with all other Muslims all over the world and that everyone is equal- ummah
what is prostration
where you bow down to pray with head on floor; complete obedience to Allah
jumu’ah
congregational prayers which take place on Friday and is special as there’s a sermon for everyone to attend
why is it important to pray together with other people
meant to develop feeling of unity among Muslim community
why do men and women pray separately
so they concentrate on Allah and not each other
how do Muslims prepare for prayer
take off their shoes and place on rack
girls and women cover their head with hijab
men cover their head with a topi
wudu (ritual washing)
why do Muslims perform wudu before prayer
so they are spiritually clean for prayer
how do Muslims perform wudu
wash their hands, face and feet with water three times
is wudu prep for prayer or a part of prayer
sunni- wudu is prep for prayer
shia- wudu is part of prayer
where can wudu be performed
mosques have washrooms where this can happen
what should a Muslim do if they don’t have water for wudu
sand or dust can be used instead
features of a Muslim prayer hall
empty
lots of space for Muslims to pray
carpet with lines to space people out
mihrab archway
dome
no pictures of people or animals
what are mosques decorated with
scripture/calligraphy or geometrical designs
who are mosques decorated in this way
pictures of people or animals are seen as idols and geometry is instead used to represent the continuity of Allah and with calligraphy as they are the words of God from the Quran
what does the dome in a mosque do
helps voice echo
reminder of heaven above
keeps cool
what direction do Muslims pray
towards Makkah
what angle do Muslims pray
Qibla angle which points towards Makkah
what signals Makkah in a mosque
the mihrab
what does all Muslims praying towards Makkah represent
represents equality and the ummah as everyone prays in the same direction
what does prayer start with
a declaration of niyyah, showing that the worshipper is making an intentional effort to set time aside to communicate with God
what a rak’ah
series of movements during prayer
what are the different stages of rak’ah in order
takbir
ruku
qiyam
sujud
jalsa
tashahud
salam
what is takbir
standing facing mecca with hands raised to head high saying Allahu Akbar
what is ruku
bow
what is qiyam
standing with hands on chest saying short prayer of supplication
what is sujud
bow and touch head to floor
what is jalsa
kneeling
what is tashahud
recitation of Shahadah
what is salam
end of prayer
how is prayer important at home
a big part of family life; meals and other family activities often scheduled o fit around prayer times
do families pray together at hom
yes; men, women, dadults and children
where do Muslims pray at home
anywhere but some Muslim families have a room set aside especially for prayer
what is zakah
almsgiving, where a Muslim, if possible, gives 2.5% of their earnings to charity, after they have paid for what is necessary to support themselves and their family
is zakah a choice
no, its a religious duty; compulsory almsgiving rather than charity
who pays zakah
everyone, only if they have savings greater than a certain figure, known as nisab, so those who are poor don’t have to suffer to give zakah
what does zakah literally mean
to cleanse or purify
how can wealth be bad
can be evil and separate us, making humans greedy and distracted from Allah; sharing wealth is a means of purification
what does Islam teach about the wealth and how it should be distributed
teaches humans are khalifahs so everything they own is Allahs, including their wealth, so what they are doing is distributing Allah’s wealth equally, so helping one another is helping Allah
what is a khalifah
Allah’s representative on Earth
did Muhammad encourage giving and what shows this
he did and practiced it himself “the one who looks after and works for a widow and for poor person is like a warrior fighting for Allah’s cause”
what does a giver receive in the afterlife
hundredfold of what they gave
what is sadaqah
voluntary giving in addition to Zakah, done out of compassion for others; could be money or the gift of time to good causes whenever possible
why is sadaqah good
helps others who need it and further strengthens relationship with Allah
who receive zakah
the poor
in the cause of Allah
those in debt
wayfarer
needy
those in bondage
administrators of zakah
reconciliation of hearts
what does it mean by poor
those who don’t have any assets and no means by which they can earn their living or those who have money less than amount to pay zakah
what does it mean in the cause of Allah
can be used in defence of Islam and promoting Islamic value system
what does it mean those in debts
may be used to pay off debts, so long as these debts were not incurred in an act contrary to Islamic law
what does it mean by wayfarer
who left his home for a lawful purpose and for whatever good reason does not possess enough money to return home, even if he is rich in his own country
what does it mean by the needy
those whose earnings don’t cover their basic needs or have no earnings at alll
what does it mean for those in bondage
those in slavery; allocated to help Muslims free themselves from bondage
what does administrators of zakah mean
those serving in the field of zakah, including those responsible for collecting, storing, guarding, registering and distributing zakah
what does reconciliation of hearts mean
those who have embraced Islam or who are inclined to it
quote talking about who receives zakah
alms are meant only for the poor, the needy, etc”
what do Shia Muslims also practice to do with charity
khums, in addition to zakah
what is khums
donate 20% of their excess earnings/savings
where does khums money go
half goes to religious leaders to spend on Allah’s behalf and the rest is given to charity/poor
what is sawm
fasting during Ramadan
why is the month of Ramadan special
its believed to be the month in which Muhammad began to receive revelations of the Quran
how long does Ramadan and fasting last
29-30 days
what should you do during Ramadan
give up food, liquid, smoking and sexual activity during daylight hours
break fast with community (family and friends)
spend time studying the Quran (entirety is read at mosques during the month)
focus on Allah
break fast with dates
what shouldn’t you do during Ramadan
eat and drink between sunrise and sunset
gossip
cheat
lie
swear
sexual activity
smoking
what does Ramadan end with
Id-ul-Fitr
what does fast begin and end
begins at first light and ends at dusk
what meal is eaten at dawn before fasting
suhur
what meal is eaten to break the fast
iftar
what happens at a mosque during Ramadan
extra night prayers
read through all of Quran this month
when is the night of power and what do Muslims do on it
during Ramadan and all Muslims attend mosque this night
what is the night of power
when the first revelation of Quran given to Muhammad
who are excluded from fasting
sick
children under 12
very old
pregnant
breast-feeding
menstruating
travelling
what should any adult do if they don’t fast for any other reason other than the above
make up for the fasting later or donate to the poor instead
reasons for fasting
obeying God and exercising self-discipline
becoming spiritually stronger
appreciating God’s gifts, which may otherwise be taken for granted
developing empathy for the poor
giving thanks for the Quran, whose revelation to Muhammad begun in month of Ramadan
sharing fellowship with other Muslims
following in footsteps of Muhammad, who also did this
what is hajj
the annual pilgrimage to Makkah, that every Muslim should try to make at least once in their life
what is pilgrimage
a journey by a believer to a holy site for religious reasons; an act of worship and devotion
what is a hajji
a male who has completed hajj
what is a hajjah
a female who has completed hajj
where does the pilgrimage start and end
Makkah
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