Vision IAS Monthly Current Affairs April 2026 Flashcards

Practice flashcards covering Polity, IR, Economy, Security, Environment, Science, and Culture based on the April 2026 Current Affairs transcript.

Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Bill, 2026

A legislative bill that seeks to shift India’s regulatory approach from a punitive model to 'trust-based governance' by amending $784$ provisions of $79$ Central Acts.

Trust-based Governance

A governance approach where public institutions are expected to be reliable, responsive, and fair, encouraging cooperation and voluntary compliance rather than coercion.

Census 2027

India's first fully digital census featuring a comprehensive caste enumeration for the first time since $1931$, conducted under the Census Act, $1948$.

AI Governance and Economic Group (AIGEG)

A high-level inter-ministerial body constituted by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) to serve as India’s central mechanism for AI governance policy.

Constitution (131st) Amendment Bill 2026

A bill that proposed to increase Lok Sabha strength to $850$ members and implement one-third women's reservation immediately after delimitation; it was defeated in the Lok Sabha.

Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Rules, 2026

Rules notified by MeitY providing the operational architecture for the PROG Act, $2025$, including the establishment of the Online Gaming Authority of India.

Recusal of Judges

The voluntary withdrawal of a judge from a case due to a potential conflict of interest or perceived bias, based on the principle 'Rule Against Bias'.

Commonwealth Parliamentary Association (CPA)

An international inter-parliamentary organization founded in $1911$ focused on the advancement of parliamentary democracy and good governance.

India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, 1950

The foundational diplomatic agreement establishing relationship pillars between India and Nepal regarding borders and residency.

Indian Ocean Conference (IOC) 2026

An international conference held in Mauritius centered on the theme 'Collective Stewardship for Indian Ocean Governance'.

Operation Urja Suraksha

An Indian Navy operation launched to escort and safeguard India-bound energy shipments through the currently blockaded Strait of Hormuz.

Strait of Malacca

A strategic waterway connecting the Andaman Sea and South China Sea, carrying nearly $22\%$ of world’s maritime trade.

Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (Amendment) Act, 2026

An act introducing a new Creditor-Initiated Insolvency Resolution Process (CIIRP) as a novel out-of-court resolution mechanism for select financial institutions.

Gig Worker

Defined by the Code on Social Security, $2020$, as a person who works outside a traditional employer-employee relationship.

Payments Vision 2028

An RBI document outlining a roadmap to expand India’s digital payments ecosystem, including shared responsibility for fraud between issuer and beneficiary banks.

Unified Payments Interface (UPI)

A population-scale digital payment layer of the India Stack that powers multiple bank accounts into a single mobile application.

Production Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme

A scheme launched in $2020$ to boost domestic manufacturing by offering financial incentives based on incremental sales across $14$ strategic sectors.

Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)

The percentage of persons in the labour force (working, seeking, or available for work) in the population, calculated as $\frac{\text{Employed} + \text{Unemployed}}{\text{Total Population}} \times 100$.

National Mission on Edible Oils – Oilseeds (NMEO-OS)

A government initiative aimed at improving productivity, seed quality, and market linkages for traditional Indian oilseed crops.

Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS)

A system of cameras, speed detectors, and incident detection mandatory on National Highways as per Supreme Court road safety guidelines.

Annual Survey of Incorporated Services Sector Enterprises (ASISSE)

Launched by the NSO to build a reliable database of service sector enterprises registered under the Companies Act or LLP Act.

Income Tax Act, 2025

A law replacing the $1961$ Act aimed at simplifying tax filing by condensing sections from $819$ to $536$ and merging FY and AY into a single 'Tax Year'.

General Anti-Avoidance Rules (GAAR)

Rules intended to empower tax authorities to deny tax benefits for transactions that lack commercial substance, with exclusions for investments made before $1\,\text{April}\,2017$.

Credit Default Swaps (CDS)

A financial derivative instrument that allows an investor to swap or offset their credit risk with that of another investor, functioning like insurance on bonds.

Urban Challenge Fund (UCF)

A centrally sponsored scheme launched by MoHUA to leverage market finance and private participation for high-quality urban infrastructure.

Borrowers’ Platform

A forum launched by developing nations at the IMF-World Bank meetings for peer learning and strengthening borrower voices in sovereign debt negotiations.

INS Aridaman

India's third nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine (SSBN) and part of the Arihant-class.

Mythos (Claude Mythos)

An advanced generative AI model developed by Anthropic with the capability to autonomously scan codebases and chain vulnerabilities for cyberattacks.

Water Bankruptcy

A condition where long-term water use exceeds renewable freshwater inflows and safe depletion limits, causing effectively irreversible degradation.

Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)

A framework under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) regarding the equitable sharing of benefits from the use of genetic resources.

Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF)

A liquid fuel produced from waste oils, municipal waste, and non-food crops that can reduce $\text{CO}_2$ emissions by up to $80\%$.

Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)

A system of ocean currents driven by thermohaline circulation that brings warm water north and cold water south in the Atlantic Ocean.

Artemis II

NASA’s first crewed mission to the Moon in over $50$ years, consisting of a crewed lunar flyby for $10$ days.

Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR)

An indigenous $500\,\text{MWe}$ reactor at Kalpakkam that attained criticality, marking the second stage of India’s three-stage nuclear program.

One Health Approach

A collaborative, multisectoral approach recognizing the interconnection between people, animals, plants, and their shared environment.

Genome India Project (GIP)

A project launched by the Department of Biotechnology to map genetic variations across $10,000$ healthy individuals from $83$ distinct population groups in India.

Amaravati

The capital of Andhra Pradesh, historically serving as the capital of the Satavahana dynasty and home to the Mahachaitya Buddhist Stupa.

Mahatma Jyotiba Phule

A social reformer who founded the Satyashodhak Samaj in $1873$ and authored Gulamgiri, known as the 'Father of Indian Social Revolution'.

Conscious Capitalism

A business philosophy prioritizing purpose, ethics, and stakeholder value alongside financial success, often aligned with Gandhi's Doctrine of Trusteeship.

Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana Grameen (PMAY-G)

A restructured flagship housing scheme aimed at providing pucca houses with basic amenities to poor rural households.