Lithuanian Sentence Construction and Grammar

Vocabulary and rule reference flashcards covering Lithuanian cases, prepositions, verb structures, and sentence patterns based on the practice cards.

į + Accusative

Prepositional construction used to express movement toward or into a destination (e.g., "einu į parduotuvę").

Locative Case

Grammatical case used to indicate a static location or being at a place (e.g., "Aš esu parduotuvėje").

Negation Object Rule

Grammatical rule where negating a verb changes the direct object case from accusative to genitive (e.g., "Aš neperku kavos").

Past Frequentative Tense

Verb form used to describe repeated or habitual actions in the past (e.g., "Anksčiau mokydavausi mokykloje").

Norėti (Conditional)

Conditional verb form used to express "would like", which governs an object in the genitive case (e.g., "Norėčiau kavos").

Mokytis (Construction)

Reflexive verb construction meaning "to learn/study" that takes a genitive object (e.g., "Aš mokausi lietuvių kalbos").

su + Instrumental

Prepositional pattern meaning "with" that requires the instrumental case (e.g., "Aš esu su savo draugu").

iš + Genitive

Prepositional pattern meaning "from" or "out of" that requires the genitive case (e.g., "Aš grįžtu iš darbo").

Ką

The accusative form of "kas", used when asking "what" as a direct object (e.g., "Ką tu valgai?").

Kam

The dative form of "kas", used when asking "to whom" or "for whom" (e.g., "Kam tu duodi knygą?").

Kur

Lithuanian question word meaning "where" (e.g., "Kur tu eini?").

be + Genitive

Prepositional pattern meaning "without" that governs the genitive case (e.g., "Aš geriu kavą be cukraus").

apie + Accusative

Prepositional pattern meaning "about" that governs the accusative case (e.g., "apie filmą").

Lithuanian Dative Feelings Construction

Pattern expressing physical or emotional states using a dative pronoun (e.g., "Ar tau šalta?").

Reikia (Construction)

Impersonal verb construction meaning "need", taking a dative pronoun for the person and a genitive noun for the object needed (e.g., "Man reikia knygos").

Patinka (Construction)

Pattern for expressing "like", where the person experiencing the feeling is in the dative case and the liked item remains in the nominative case (e.g., "Man patinka ši knyga").

Accusative Time Expression

Grammatical usage where the accusative case expresses temporal duration or repeated time intervals (e.g., "kiekvieną rytą").

Ieškoti (Construction)

Lithuanian verb meaning "to look for", which requires a genitive object (e.g., "Ko tu ieškai?").

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Grammatical rule stating that adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case (e.g., "didelę knygą").