GI Clinical Correlations

AIM WEEK 3: GI

scurvy cause

vitamin c deficency

scurvy symptoms

joint pain, skin lesions

What is rickets

vitamin c deficency in childrens

rickets symptoms

weak bones, bowed bones

what is vitamin d deficency in adults

osteomalacia

osteomalasia risks

increased risk of fractures

What part of the esophsgus is open to cause GERD

lower esophageal sphincter

what is the disease when stomach acid irritates and erodes the mucosal lining

gastroesophageal reflux disease

what makes GERD worse

lying down and trigger foods

GERD symptoms

heartburn, regurgitation

What is it called when part of the abdomen pushed through the chest cavity

hiatal hernia

hiatal hernia symptoms

heartburn, chest pain

risk factors of hiatal hernia

old age, smoking, obesity

what is the disease where you get sores/lesions in the stomach or duodenum

peptic ulcer disease

what are the causes of peptic ulcers

H. pylori and NSAIDS

What is the disease where the gastric outlet is obstructed in infants

pyloric stenosis

What is the disease that results in irreversible fibrosis of the liver

cirrohosis

what are symptoms of cirrhosis

fatigue, jaundice, ascites, caput medusae

What are gallstones

bile is too concentrated and creates a stone

what is a block from a gallstone in the common bile duct called

choledocholithiasis

what is a gallstone block of the sphincter of oddi called

pancreatitis or cholangitis

what are the two causes of acute pancreatitis

gallstones and alchohol

What are the two signals of acute pancreatitis

upper stomach pain and high levels of pancreatic enzymes

What are the risk factors of pancreatic cancer

smoking, alchohol, chronic pancreatitis

why is pancreatic cancer usually diagnosed later

it doesn’t produce many symptoms in its early stages

What is celiac disease

an autoimmune response to gluten

What happens in celiac disease

the immune system attacks the small intestine (villi) which causes poor nutrient absorbtion

What is lactose inteolerance

a lactase deficiency which causes lactose to sit in gut and absorb water

What is chronic inflammation of the intesitnes called

inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

What are the significant pointers to crohn’s disease

patchy inflammation, all layers of the GI tract

what are significant pointers to ulcerative colitis

only in the colon and rectum, superficial, layers, continuous inflammation

What is colon polops

little bumps on the inside of the intestines

How are polyps found

colonoscopy