Psychology chapter I

What is psychology?

Psychology is the scientific study of mind and behavior.

Who is credited as one of the founders of psychology?

Wilhelm Wundt is credited as one of the founders of psychology.

What term refers to understanding the conscious experience through introspection?

Structuralism refers to understanding the conscious experience through introspection.

What does functionalism emphasize in psychology?

Functionalism emphasizes how mental activities contribute to basic environmental survival.

What psychological theory focuses on the role of the unconscious mind?

Psychoanalytic Theory focuses on the role of the unconscious in affecting conscious behavior.

What is the main focus of Gestalt Psychology?

Gestalt Psychology focuses on humans as a whole rather than individual parts.

Who is known as the father of behaviorism?

John B. Watson is known as the father of behaviorism.

What did B.F. Skinner study in psychology?

B.F. Skinner concentrated on how behavior was affected by its consequences through reinforcement and punishment.

What did Abraham Maslow propose in his hierarchy of human needs?

Abraham Maslow proposed that higher-level needs would begin to motivate behavior once basic survival needs were met.

What therapy method did Carl Rogers develop?

Carl Rogers developed client-centered therapy, where the patient takes a lead role.

What was the cognitive revolution?

The cognitive revolution focused on mental functioning in psychology to understand human behavior.

What is the primary focus of biopsychology?

Biopsychology studies how the structure and function of the nervous system generate behavior.

What are the three factors that influence health according to the biopsychosocial model?

Biological, psychological, and sociocultural influences affect health.

What does developmental psychology study?

Developmental psychology studies the physical and mental attributes of aging and maturation.

What does personality psychology focus on?

Personality psychology focuses on behaviors and thought patterns that are unique to each individual.

What are the main topics studied in social psychology?

Social psychology studies interactions like prejudice, attraction, interpersonal conflicts, and obedience.

What career options are available for individuals with a PhD in psychology?

Teaching, research, clinical psychologist, counseling psychologist, social work, corporate and marketing jobs.

What percent of psychology PhD holders were employed in universities as of 2009?

26% of psychology PhD holders were employed in universities.

What is the main focus of clinical psychology?

Clinical psychology focuses on diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and problematic behavior patterns.

What is structuralism?

The study of the structure of one mind through introspection.