Human bio cell structure

The function and location of all things in the cell

lysosome

contains digestive enzymes to help with cell digestion

Mitrochondria

• called the powerhouse of the cell because it is involved in cellular respiration by converting glucose into ATP

nucleolus

• controls all cell activities through the DNA located there

• contains DNA and RNA

• respocibnle for growth and reproduction

cytoplasm

• the gel-like substance inside of cells

• protects insides from damage

cytosol

• Fluid portion of cytoplasm (75-95% water)

• provides structural support

• allows for transport of molecules

nucleoplasm

• The jelly like fluid in the nucleus

protoplasm

• the entire contents of the cell

organelles

• structures in the cytoplasm that carry out specific functions

ribosomes

• made up of RNA and proteins

• Using RNA codes, amino acids are joined together to make proteins

endoplasmic reticulum

directly involved in the transportation of materials inside/within the cell, and creates lipids and proteins

Golgi apparatus

a protein and lipid storing, packaging and shipping machine

receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum

centrioles

The organelle within the cell that functions in cell division to separate chromatids

Inclusion

Chemical substances that are dissolved in the cytoplasm of a cell

nucleus

synthesis of ribosomal RNA

nuclear membrane

a two-layered structure that protects the nucleus, keeps DNA separate from the rest of the cell and manages what materials enter the nucleus

nuclear pore

channels for the selective transport of different substances and materials in and out of the nucleolus

cytoskeleton

• internal scaffolding of protein fibres within the cytoplasm

• made up of microtubules and micro filaments

microtubules

Hollow rods that keep organelles in place or move them around the cell.

microfilaments

They move materials around the cytoplasm or the whole cell.

cell membrane

• the outer boundary of the cell

• controls the movement of which substances can and cannot enter the cell

• have four different proteins imbedded in the phospholipid bilayer, these are :

channel, carrier, receptor and recognition

channel protein

water filled pathway that allows smaller water- soluble substances to pass through the cell membrane

carrier protein

bind specific molecules to be transported on one side of the membrane.

used for larger substances or materials that cant easily diffuse though the cell membrane

receptor protein

binds with specific substances in the cells environment

transmitts signals inside the cell

recognition protein

have short carbohydrate tails which act as markers enabling cells to identify and interact with one another