Human bio cell structure

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Description and Tags

The function and location of all things in the cell

24 Terms

1

lysosome

contains digestive enzymes to help with cell digestion

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2

Mitrochondria

  • called the powerhouse of the cell because it is involved in cellular respiration by converting glucose into ATP

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3

nucleolus

  • controls all cell activities through the DNA located there

  • contains DNA and RNA

  • respocibnle for growth and reproduction

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4

cytoplasm

  • the gel-like substance inside of cells

  • protects insides from damage

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5

cytosol

  • Fluid portion of cytoplasm (75-95% water)

  • provides structural support

  • allows for transport of molecules

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6

nucleoplasm

  • The jelly like fluid in the nucleus

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7

protoplasm

  • the entire contents of the cell

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8

organelles

  • structures in the cytoplasm that carry out specific functions

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9

ribosomes

  • made up of RNA and proteins

  • Using RNA codes, amino acids are joined together to make proteins

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10

endoplasmic reticulum

directly involved in the transportation of materials inside/within the cell, and creates lipids and proteins

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11

Golgi apparatus

a protein and lipid storing, packaging and shipping machine

receives proteins and lipids from the endoplasmic reticulum

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12

centrioles

The organelle within the cell that functions in cell division to separate chromatids

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13

Inclusion

Chemical substances that are dissolved in the cytoplasm of a cell

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14

nucleus

synthesis of ribosomal RNA

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15

nuclear membrane

a two-layered structure that protects the nucleus, keeps DNA separate from the rest of the cell and manages what materials enter the nucleus

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16

nuclear pore

channels for the selective transport of different substances and materials in and out of the nucleolus

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17

cytoskeleton

  • internal scaffolding of protein fibres within the cytoplasm

  • made up of microtubules and micro filaments

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18

microtubules

Hollow rods that keep organelles in place or move them around the cell.

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19

microfilaments

They move materials around the cytoplasm or the whole cell.

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20

cell membrane

  • the outer boundary of the cell

  • controls the movement of which substances can and cannot enter the cell

  • have four different proteins imbedded in the phospholipid bilayer, these are :

channel, carrier, receptor and recognition

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21

channel protein

water filled pathway that allows smaller water- soluble substances to pass through the cell membrane

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22

carrier protein

bind specific molecules to be transported on one side of the membrane.

used for larger substances or materials that cant easily diffuse though the cell membrane

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23

receptor protein

binds with specific substances in the cells environment

transmitts signals inside the cell

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24

recognition protein

have short carbohydrate tails which act as markers enabling cells to identify and interact with one another

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