AP European History: Causes and Impact of the Renaissance

These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to the causes and impact of the Renaissance as outlined in AP European History.

Causes of Renaissance

Major factors include the fall of Constantinople, the Crusades, the Bubonic Plague, Italy's geography, and the invention of the printing press.

Humanism

A Renaissance movement focused on rediscovering ancient Greek and Roman texts, emphasizing human potential and achievements.

Petrarch

Known as the 'Father of the Renaissance,' he wrote poems and sonnets about love and everyday life.

Machiavelli

Author of 'The Prince,' he is famous for his political realism and the idea that rulers should do whatever is necessary to maintain power.

Civic Humanist

A belief that individuals should actively participate in politics and public life.

Boccaccio

Author of 'The Decameron,' which features stories of moral dilemmas and daily life during the plague.

Gutenberg's Printing Press

Invented by Johannes Gutenberg, it increased literacy, book distribution, and promoted vernacular languages.

Individualism

An emphasis on personal achievements, and the moral worth of the individual.

Valla's 'Donation of Constantine'

A work that uncovered the falseness of land claims made by the Catholic Church, increasing skepticism.

Neoplatonism

A philosophical system that integrates Plato's ideas with Christianity.

Secularism

The principle that church should not be involved in government affairs.

Castiglione's 'The Book of the Courtier'

A guide for nobility on how to behave, emphasizing the qualities of a Renaissance Man.

Renaissance Art Characteristics

Focused on regular people, classical themes, realistic figures, use of perspective, and chiaroscuro.

Da Vinci’s 'Last Supper'

A famous Renaissance painting showcasing innovative composition and perspective.

Erasmus

Author of 'The Praise of Folly,' which critiques the flaws of the Church.

Thomas More

Wrote 'Utopia,' presenting an ideal society where property is communally owned.

Isabella d’Este

A prominent female patron of the arts in the Renaissance and ruler of Mantua.

Christine de Pizan

Known as Europe's first feminist; she wrote 'The City of Ladies' and supported women's education.

Albrecht Durer

A Northern Renaissance artist known for his self-portrait modeled after Jesus.

Pieter Bruegel the Elder

Famous for depicting scenes of nature and ordinary life in his artwork.