MCAT formulas, constants, and SI units

Distance formula

d=vt

VAT

Vf = V₀ + at

VAX

Vf² = V₀² + 2a∆x

TAX

∆x = v₀t + 1/2at²

centripetal motion (2)

Ac = V²/ r
Fc = mv²/ r

Law of gravitation

F=GM₁M₂/ r²

Newtons second law

Fnet = ma

Kinetic friction

Fk = µkFn

Static friction

Fs≤ µsFn

Torque

t = F x r
t = Fdsinθ

Hooke's law

F = -kx (k= spring const)

Kinetic energy

KE = 1/2 mv²

Gravitational Potential energy

PE = mgh

Spring PE

PE = 1/2 Kx²

power (2)

P = W/t (work/ time)

P=Fv (if v constant and F parallel)

work

W=Fdcosθ

momentum

p = mv

Conservation of momentum

m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁v₁ + m₂v₂

Ohms law (2)

P=IV
V=IR (v = volts, I= current, R = resistance, P= power)

current

I = ∆q/ ∆t (q = charge)

Capacitors in sieres

1/Cs = 1/C₁ + 1/C₂ + etc

Capacitors in parallel

Cp = C₁ + C₂ + etc

Resistors in series

Rs = R₁ + R₂ + etc

Resistors in parallel

1/Rp = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + etc

electrostatic force

F = Kq₁q₂/ r²

electric field

E = R/q₀

Capacitance

q = VC

energy stored by capacitor

U = 1/2CV²

electric field due to point charge

E = Kq/ r²

electrical potential

∆V = ∆U/q₀

magnetic force around wire

B = µ₀I/ 2πr (I= currant)

magnetic force (2)_

F =qvBsinθ
F = ILBsinθ

electrical potential of point charge

V = Kq/r

magnetic field at center of wire loop

B = µ₀I/ 2r

density

p = m/V

pressure

P = F/A

specific gravity

s.g = psub/ pwater (p = density)

osmotic pressure

π = iMRT

buoyant force

Fb = pVg

total pressure of fluid

Ptot = Patm + Pgauge

continuity equation

A₁V₁ = A₂V₂

termal expansion (2)

∆L = αL∆T
∆V=βV∆T

Grahams law

Rate A/ Rate B = √MMB/ MMA

fluid gauge pressure

Pfluid = pgh

bernoullis equation

P + 1/2pv² + pgh = const

heat energy

∆Q= mc∆T

latent heat

∆Q = mL

1st law of thermo

∆U = Q-W (work = W)

internal energy of ideal gas

U = 3/2 nRT

gibbs free enegy

∆G = ∆H - T∆S

equilibrium gibbs energy

∆G˚ = -RTlnKeq

wave frequency and period

f = 1/T

spring angular frequency

w= 2πf = √K/m

wave speed

v=fλ

pendulum angular freqency

w = 2πf = √g/L

doppler effect

f = f (v±Vd)/ (v±Vs)

index of refraction

n = c/v

magnification

m = -i/o (i = image o=object)

total internal reflection

sinθcrit = n₂/n₁, n₂<n₁

photon energy

E = hf = hc/λ

snell's law

n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂

lensmakers equation

1/f = 1/o + 1/i

AX --> A-4 Y + a
Z Z-2

alpha decay

AX --> A Y + 0 e
Z Z+ 1 -1

beta-minus decay

AX --> A Y + 0 e
Z Z- 1 +1

beta-plus decay

ideal gas law

PV = nRT (R=0.083 Latm/molK)

charles law

V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂

pH

pH = -log [H+]

electromotive force

EMF = E⁰red + E⁰ox

Dilution equation

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

EMF equation

Ecell = Ecathode - Eanode

Boyles law

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂

Avogadros law

n₁/V₁ = n₂/V₂

Hardy-wienbery equations (2)

p+q = 1
P² + 2pq + q² = 1

Mechanical Advantage

Fresistance/Feffort

efficiency %

Workoutput/energyinput

Total mechanical energy

=KE=PE

Conservation of energy

KE1+PE1=KE2+PE2

Work Energy Theorem

Wtotal=change in KE

velocity units

m/s

acceleration units

m/s²

Newtons units

N= kg*m/s²

Joules units

J=N*m

Watts units

J/s

Hz units

1/s

amps units

C/s

Columbs units

Columbs= A*s

Volts units

Volts= J/C

Ohms units

Ohms= V/A

Capacitance

Farads= C/V

Pascal units

N/m²

Faraday’s constant

eN_a= 1.6e19×6.02e23

1 mol e-=96000C/mol

Gas constants

8.3j/molK

0.08 Latm/molK

speed of light

3e8 m/s